中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2021, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (11): 2211-2212.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.310680

• 观点:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

纠缠的不只是tau:使用蛋白质组学确定磷酸化tau如何介导神经退行性疾病毒性

  

  • 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2021-04-13

It takes more than tau to tangle: using proteomics to determine how phosphorylated tau mediates toxicity in neurodegenerative diseases

Geoffrey Pires, Eleanor Drummond   

  1. Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA (Pires G, Drummond E)
    Alzheimer’s and Prion Diseases Team, Paris Brain Institute, CNRS, UMR 7225, INSERM 1127, Sorbonne University UM75, Paris, France (Pires G)
    Brain and Mind Centre and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia (Drummond E)
  • Online:2021-11-15 Published:2021-04-13
  • Contact: Eleanor Drummond, PhD, Eleanor.drummond@sydney.edu.au.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by funding from the Bluesand Foundation and Dementia Australia to ED, and Philippe Chatrier Foundation to GP. 

摘要:

Neural Regen Res:蛋白质组学:直接检测人脑组织中tau介导疾病机制的理想方法

    检测tau与邻近蛋白质之间的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用是确定tau如何引起神经退行性疾病大脑毒性的一种极好方法。研究表明,过度磷酸化Tau与特定神经元蛋白之间的相互作用对于pTau传达其毒性作用至关重要。这些研究确定了与疾病相关的重要pTau相互作用因子,例如泛素、14-3-3蛋白、sequestosome-1和几种激酶/磷酸酶。这些蛋白质中的许多已显示出与AD发病机理有关,突出了这些相互作用在阿尔茨海默病中的关键作用。但是,我们对阿尔茨海默病和额颞叶痴呆中与pTau相互作用的蛋白质仍然没有足够了解。蛋白质组学方法作为一种理想方法,可以有效地识别人脑组织中直接与pTau相互作用的所有蛋白质(“pTau相互作用组”)。

来自美国纽约大学医学院的Eleanor Drummond团队开发了局部蛋白质组学方法,这种方法可以识别神经病理学病变中存在的蛋白质以及与神经退行性疾病相关蛋白质(例如pTau)直接相互作用的蛋白质。在最新研究中,Drummond团队使用了两种互补的蛋白质组学方法检查了阿尔茨海默病患者脑组织中的pTau相互作用组。蛋白质组学方法,特别是局部蛋白质组学和靶向蛋白质组学方法,是直接检测人脑组织中tau介导的疾病机制的理想方法。研究者们希望此类蛋白质组学研究能够为阿尔茨海默病和额颞叶痴呆的疾病机理、疾病特异性生物标志物以及潜在药物靶标提供新的见解。

文章在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志20211111期发表。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-4609 (Eleanor Drummond);
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7050-9844 (Geoffrey Pires)

Abstract: Two of the most common causes of dementia are Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). AD is an irreversible, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is clinically characterized by severe memory loss and behavioral impairment that eventually interferes with everyday function. AD is neuropathologically defined by the presence of extracellular β-amyloid plaques and intracellular accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) that primarily contain aggregated, hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau). Intriguingly, pTau is also the central protein in multiple subtypes of FTD (e.g. corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, Pick’s disease). FTD is an umbrella term for a group of neurological conditions that primarily affect the temporal and frontal regions of the brain. Mutations in the tau gene (MAPT) can cause familial FTD, providing further evidence of the integral role of tau in FTD. Physiologically, tau regulates microtubule structure and dynamics, as well as axonal transport through interaction with tubulin. Tau is also involved in neuronal development and synaptogenesis. In AD and FTD, tau becomes hyperphosphorylated and undergoes major conformational changes, causing it to aggregate into the characteristic neuropathological lesions that define AD and FTD. Despite the known involvement of tau in these diseases, exactly how tau mediates toxicity is still unclear.