中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (6): 2384-2394.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-00876

• 综述:视神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

小胶质细胞在青光眼中的双重作用:调节神经炎症和神经再生

  

  • 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2025-09-18

Dual role of microglia in glaucoma: Regulation of neuroinflammation and neuroregeneration

Panpan Li1, 2, #, Xin Shi1, 3, 4, #, Verena Prokosch1, *   

  1. 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany;  2 Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China;  3 Department of Orthopedics, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China; 4 The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
  • Online:2026-06-15 Published:2025-09-18
  • Contact: Verena Prokosch, PhD, MD, verena.prokosch@uk-koeln.de.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) with grants PR1569/1-1 and PR 1569/1-3 (to VP).

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5318-0637 (Verena Prokosch) 

Abstract: Globally, glaucoma stands as a primary cause of irreversible blindness, marked by intricate pathophysiological processes in which neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role. As the principal immune cells within the central nervous system, microglia play a dual function in the progression of glaucoma. Under standard physiological states, microglia safeguard the retina by offering neurotrophic support and removing cellular debris. In the pathological progression of glaucoma, microglia become activated and release significant levels of inflammatory factors, resulting in retinal ganglion cell injury, cell death, and impaired neuroregeneration. This review focuses on examining the dual functions of microglia in glaucoma, evaluating their influence on retinal neurodegeneration and repair, and suggesting that modulating microglial activity could serve as a promising therapeutic strategy. Understanding the mechanisms of microglial action in glaucoma is crucial for unveiling the complex pathophysiological processes of the disease and developing new therapeutic strategies.

Key words: glaucoma, inflammation, microglia, neurodegeneration, neuroregeneration, retinal ganglion cells