中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (6): 2514-2522.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01451

• 原著:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

损伤脊髓来源外泌体加重损伤:miR-155-5p介导的炎症反应

  

  • 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2026-04-18
  • 基金资助:
    该文章得到福建省科技创新联合基金(编号2023Y9233)以及泉州市科学技术局资助(编号2022C036R,2020CT003,2023N066S)

Spinal cord injury–derived exosomes exacerbate damage: miR-155-5p mediates inflammatory responses.

Yuming Fang1, #, Weican Chen1, #, Yan Zhang2, #, Yushen Yang1, Shengnan Wang1, Mengqin Pei1, Yilin Zhou1, Shu Lin3, 4, *, Hefan He1, *   

  1. 1Department of Anaesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China; 
    2Department of Anesthesiology, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan Province, China; 
    3Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China; 
    4Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  • Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-04-18
  • Contact: Shu Lin, MD, shulin1956@126.com; Hefan He, MS, 15860905262@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province, No. 2023Y9233 (to HH); the Quanzhou Science and Technology Project, No. 2022C036R (to HH); the Science and Technology Bureau of Quanzhou, No. 2020CT003 (to SL); and the Quanzhou Municipal Medical and Health Guiding Science and Technology Project, No. 2023N066S (to YZhou).

摘要:

脊髓损伤是一个具有复杂致病机制的关键事件。尽管最近的研究强调组织外泌体是不同器官和组织炎症反应的关键介质,但它们在脊髓损伤中的作用尚未确定。此实验探讨了损伤脊髓组织来源外泌体在脊髓损伤后炎症反应中的作用和机制。结果发现从损伤脊髓组织和正常脊髓组织中提取的外泌体在形态、浓度和功能上存在差异,并确定了与损伤脊髓来源外泌体相关的促炎症效应,而不是从正常脊髓组织来源外泌体。体内和体外分析结果表明,损伤脊髓来源外泌体可促进小胶质细胞 M1 极化和炎性细胞因子的表达,从而加重脊髓组织和神经元的损伤。此外,结合外泌体 miRNA 测序和实验验证发现,损伤脊髓来源外泌体中的 miR-155-5p 浓度明显高于 正常脊髓组织来源外泌体。进一步实验发现,损伤脊髓来源外泌体 miR-155-5p 能显著叉形头转录因子的O亚型(FoxO3a)磷酸化,激活核因子κB通路,从而促进小胶质细胞 M1 极化和炎性细胞因子的表达。因此认为,损伤诱导的含 miR-155-5p 的损伤脊髓来源外泌体可通过促进小胶质细胞 M1 极化和炎症反应来加重脊髓损伤。因此,靶向 miR-155-5p 表达或外泌体分泌可能是减轻炎症和减少脊髓损伤后继发性损伤的一种新策略。


https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4239-2028 (Shu Lin); https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0787-3173 (Hefan He)

关键词: 外泌体, FoxO3a, 炎症反应, 小胶质细胞, miR-155-5p, 神经元, 核因子-kappa B, 脊髓损伤, 损伤脊髓来源外泌体

Abstract: Spinal cord injury is a critical event characterized by intricate pathogenic mechanisms. Although recent studies have highlighted tissue exosomes as key mediators of inflammatory responses in diverse organs and tissues, their role in spinal cord injury has yet to be determined. In this study, we investigated the role and mechanisms of spinal cord tissue exosomes in the inflammatory response following spinal cord injury. We found morphological, concentration, and functional differences between exosomes extracted from injured and normal spinal cord tissues, and identified proinflammatory effects associated with spinal cord injury–generated tissue exosomes but not with exosomes derived from normal spinal cord tissue. Our in vivo and in vitro analyses showed that spinal cord injury–generated tissue exosomes promoted microglial M1 polarization and inflammatory cytokine expression, thereby exacerbating tissue and neuronal injury in the spinal cord. In addition, the combination of exosomal miRNA sequencing and experimental verification showed that the miR-155-5p level was higher in spinal cord injury–generated tissue exosomes than in spinal cord tissue. We further found that spinal cord injury–generated tissue exosomes–derived miR-155-5p induced a significant inhibition of forkhead box O3a phosphorylation and activated the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway, thereby promoting microglial M1 polarization and inflammatory cytokine expression. These findings suggest that injury-induced miR-155-5p-containing exosomes exacerbate spinal cord injury via the promotion of microglial M1 polarization and inflammatory responses. Thus, targeting miR-155-5p expression or exosome secretion could be a novel strategy for attenuating inflammation and reducing secondary injury post-spinal cord injury.

Key words: exosomes, FoxO3a, inflammatory response, microglia, miR-155-5p, neuron, nuclear factor-kappa B, spinal cord injury, spinal cord injury–generated tissue exosomes