中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2013, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (20): 1898-1906.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.20.009
汶川地震中某救援群体对创伤后应激障碍的现况调查
Post-traumatic stress disorder status in a rescue group after the Wenchuan earthquake relief
Junhua Huang1, 2, Qunying Liu3, Jinliang Li4, Xuejiang Li2, Jin You5, Liang Zhang6, Changfu Tian7, Rongsheng Luan1
- 1 Department of Epidemiology, Huaxi Public Health School of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
2 Yunnan General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Kunming 650111, Yunnan Province, China
3 Department of Psychological Counseling, Yunnan General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Kunming 650111, Yunnan Province, China
4 Department of Psychological Counseling, Sichuan General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Leshan 614000, Sichuan Province, China
5 Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
6 Kunming Center for Disease Control, Kunming 650228, Yunnan Province, China
7 Scientific Research and Experimental Center, Kunming Medical College, Kunming 650031, Yunnan Province, China
摘要：
以往研究表明，救援群体创伤后应激障碍的发生率较高。影响创伤后应激障碍发生的因素有人口学、与地震相关的高危因素、救援过程的危险因素、人格、社会支持、应对方式等。文章采用现况调查的方式，直接获得参加中国四川省汶川地区2008年5月12日抗震救援群体1 040的原始资料，通过结构性访谈的临床医师专用创伤后应激障碍量表进行诊断，统计、推断创伤后应激障碍的发病率。单因素及多因素分析方法显示，引起创伤后应激障碍发生的主要危险因素。结果表明，该群体创伤后应激障碍的发病率是5.96%。单因素统计的高危影响因素包括家属死亡者、与死者/重伤者接触史、死里逃生史/严重受伤史/心灵上受到过严重创伤史和震中救援史。相关性分析结果显示，创伤后应激障碍与精神病质、神经质、消极应对和低社会支持呈正相关关系。多元Logistic回归的高危影响因素包括：死里逃生史/严重受伤史/心灵上受到过严重创伤史、震中救援史、神经质、消极应对和低社会支持，其中低社会支持的比值比最高，OR=20.42。证实汶川地震中某救援群体创伤后应激障碍的发生是众多因素共同作用的结果。