中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2016, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (12): 1904-1909.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.197124

• 综述:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

脊髓单酶细胞中两步生产单胺:神经递质供应的不同控制策略?

  

  • 收稿日期:2016-12-21 出版日期:2016-12-31 发布日期:2016-12-31
  • 基金资助:
    此研究得到克拉福德基金会,伦德贝克基金会以及丹麦医学研究委员会的资助。

Two-step production of monoamines in monoenzymatic cells in the spinal cord: a different control strategy of neurotransmitter supply?

Mengliang Zhang1, 2 , *   

  1. 1 Neuronano Research Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden 2 Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • Received:2016-12-21 Online:2016-12-31 Published:2016-12-31
  • Contact: Mengliang Zhang, M.D., Ph.D., mengliang.zhang@med.lu.se.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Crafoord Foundation, the Lundbeck Foundation and the Danish Medical Research Council.

摘要:

通常脊髓来源的单胺神经递质5-羟色胺和多巴胺可以完全在脊髓内通过两步过程合成,然而,在脊髓损伤的情况下,这两步过程涉及两种不同的单酶细胞,从而补偿单胺的损失来源。然而,对于这些神经递质中的每一个,这种合成机器仅在某些部分和某些节段水平上可用。酪氨酸羟化酶和色氨酸羟化酶神经元的分布将决定在完全横断的脊髓的特定区域中合成哪种单受胺类神经递质。来自丹麦哥本哈根大学神经科学及药理学系Mengliang Zhang副教授认为多巴胺似乎主要在脊髓骶区产生,其在排尿反射的调节中起重要作用,而5-羟色氨酸可能主要产生于脊髓背角中,从而影响感觉信息加工。上述假设需要进一步的生理和解剖实验来验证。

orcid: 0000-0001-5945-6625 (Mengliang Zhang)

关键词: 非单胺能细胞, 单胺前体, 5-羟色氨酸, 左旋多巴, 血清素, 多巴胺, 酪氨酸羟化酶, 色氨酸羟化酶, 芳香族L-氨基酸脱羧酶, 脊髓损伤

Abstract: Monoamine neurotransmitters play an important role in the modulation of sensory, motor and autonomic functions in the spinal cord. Although traditionally it is believed that in mammalian spinal cord, monoamine neurotransmitters mainly originate from the brain, accumulating evidence indicates that especially when the spinal cord is injured, they can also be produced in the spinal cord. In this review, I will present evidence for a possible pathway for two-step synthesis of dopamine and serotonin in the spinal cord. Published data from different sources and unpublished data from my own ongoing projects indicate that monoenzymatic cells expressing aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) or tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) are present in the spinal cord and that these TH and THP cells ofen lie in close proximity to AADC cells. Prompted by the above evidence, I hypothesize that dopamine and serotonin could be synthesized sequentially in two monoenzymatic cells in the spinal cord via a TH-AADC and a TPH-AADC cascade respectively. Te monoamines synthesized through this pathway may compensate for lost neurotransmitters following spinal cord injury and also may play specifc roles in the recovery of sensory, motor and autonomic functions.

Key words: non-monoaminergic cell, monoamine precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan, L-dopa, serotonin, dopamine, tyrosine hydroxylase, tryptophan hydroxylase, aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, spinal cord injury