中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2018, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (2): 360-365.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.226426

• 原著:颅神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

下颌骨牵张成骨速度与下牙槽神经损伤及再生的关系

  

  • 收稿日期:2017-11-25 出版日期:2018-02-15 发布日期:2018-02-15
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(81270015,81771046)

Relationship of distraction rate with inferior alveolar nerve degeneration-regeneration shift

Ying-hua Zhao1, Shi-jian Zhang2, 3, Zi-hui Yang4, Xiao-chang Liu5, De-lin Lei4, Jing Li1, Lei Wang2, 3, 4   

  1. 1 Department of Stomatology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
    2 Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai, China
    3 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology,Shanghai, China
    4 Department of Oral Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
    5 Medical Team of 66018 PLA Troops, Beijing, China
  • Received:2017-11-25 Online:2018-02-15 Published:2018-02-15
  • Contact: Jing Li, M.D., Ph.D. or Lei Wang, M.D., Ph.D.,lpplj87@126.com or wangleizyh@aliyun.com.
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81270015 and 81771046.

摘要:

骨牵张是颌骨缺损和畸形的重要治疗手段,但其可能造成下牙槽神经损伤,牵张速度与下牙槽神经再生之间有怎样的关系呢?将24只兔随机分成4组,通过控制牵张器上螺纹旋转圈数形成不同的牵张成骨速度(1.0,1.5或2.0 mm/d)建立双侧下颌骨牵张模型,设仅截断下颌骨的兔为对照组,通过10G钝针的针刺下唇实验观察针刺反映情况,采用下牙槽神经切片甲苯胺蓝、Bodian’s 银染色及透射电镜观察及有髓神经纤维密度分析,来评价各组兔下牙槽神经功能恢复情况。建模后28 d,与对照组相比,针刺实验显示高速牵张(2 mm/d)对下牙槽神经造成严重功能损伤,表现为下唇针刺无反应;组织及形态学分析结果显示,牵张速度越快下牙槽神经的变性和损伤越明显,而以新生许旺细胞及轴突为表现的神经再生现象在1.0,1.5 mm/d组更明显。上述数据说明,下牙槽神经功能和下颌骨牵张成骨速度密切相关,且1.0,1.5 mm/d的牵张速度可促进下牙槽神经的再生。研究结果揭示了下牙槽神经功能和下颌骨牵张成骨速度的关系,此研究成果将有利于临床减少牵张成骨治疗的神经并发症。

orcid:0000-0002-2443-3754(Jing Li)
         0000-0003-4405-5065(Lei Wang)

关键词: 神经再生, 牵张成骨, 力, 神经变性, 脱髓鞘作用, 下牙槽神经, 神经组织形态学, 透射电子显微镜, 下颌骨,

Abstract:

Distraction osteogenesis is an important technique for the treatment of maxillofacial abnormities and defects. However, distraction osteogenesis may cause the injury of the inferior alveolar nerve. The relationship between distraction rate and nerve degeneration-regeneration shift remains poorly understood. In this study, 24 rabbits were randomly divided into four groups. To establish the rabbit mandibular distraction osteogenesis model, the mandibles of rabbits in distraction osteogenesis groups were subjected to continuous osteogenesis distraction at a rate of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm/d, respectively, by controlling rounds of screwing each day in the distractors. In the sham group,mandible osteotomy was performed without distraction. Pin-prick test with a 10 g blunt pin on the labium, histological and histomorphometric analyses with methylene blue staining, Bodian’s silver staining, transmission electron microscopy and myelinated fiber density of inferior alveolar nerve cross-sections were performed to assess inferior alveolar nerve conditions. At 28 days after model establishment, in the pin-prick test, the inferior alveolar nerve showed no response in the labium to a pin pricks in the 2 mm/d group, indicating a severe dysfunction. Histological and histomorphometric analyses indicated that the inferior alveolar nerve suffered more degeneration and injuries at a high distraction rate (2 mm/d). Importantly, the nerve regeneration, indicated by newborn Schwann cells and axons, was more abundant in 1.0 and 1.5 mm/d groups than in 2.0 mm/d group. We concluded that the distraction rate was strongly associated with the inferior alveolar nerve function, and the distraction rates of 1.0 and 1.5 mm/d had regenerative effects on the inferior alveolar nerve. This study provides an experimental basis for the relationship between distraction rate and nerve degeneration-regeneration shift during distraction osteogenesis, and may facilitate reducing nerve complications during distraction osteogenesis.

Key words: nerve regeneration, distraction osteogenesis, stress, nerve degeneration, demyelination, nerve histomorphometry, inferior alveolar nerve, transmission electron microscopy, mandible, rabbit, neural regeneration