中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (7): 1864-1882.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01948

• 综述:周围神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

靶向自噬调控促进周围神经再生

  

  • 出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2024-11-25

Autophagy-targeting modulation to promote peripheral nerve regeneration

Yan Chen1, 2, 3, Hongxia Deng2, 3, Nannan Zhang2, 4, *   

  1. 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China;  2 Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Women and Children’s Diseases, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China;  3 Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Reproductive Regulation, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China;  4 National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
  • Online:2025-07-15 Published:2024-11-25
  • Contact: Nannan Zhang, PhD, nannan7687@163.com.

摘要:

创伤性周围神经损伤和神经病变的神经再生是一个复杂的过程,受到多种因素和分子机制的调控。过去的研究主要集中在促进轴突生长和髓鞘再生上。而最近的研究越来越关注自噬在周围神经再生中的重要作用,尤其是在创伤性周围神经损伤中。自噬调节最近已成为促进周围神经再生的靶点。研究表明,自噬激活有助于快速清除损伤周围神经的轴突和髓鞘,提高神经元的存活率,并减轻氧化应激和炎症反应,有助于促进结构和功能神经再生的微环境的形成。在创伤性周围神经损伤模型中,多种自噬诱导药物和干预措施显示出对缓解周围神经病变和促进神经再生的有益作用。因此此次综述重点讨论了周围神经损伤后和某些周围神经病变中的不同类型细胞自噬调控,并总结了通过靶向自噬促进周围神经再生以治疗周围神经损伤和周围神经病变的潜在策略。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6184-6216 (Nannan Zhang)

关键词: 周围神经损伤, 许旺细胞, 自噬, 糖尿病周围神经病变, 二甲双胍, 坐骨神经, 髓鞘形成, Charcot-Marie-Tooth病, Wallerian变性, 自噬相关基因

Abstract: Nerve regeneration following traumatic peripheral nerve injuries and neuropathies is a complex process modulated by diverse factors and intricate molecular mechanisms. Past studies have focused on factors that stimulate axonal outgrowth and myelin regeneration. However, recent studies have highlighted the pivotal role of autophagy in peripheral nerve regeneration, particularly in the context of traumatic injuries. Consequently, autophagy-targeting modulation has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach to enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration. Our current understanding suggests that activating autophagy facilitates the rapid clearance of damaged axons and myelin sheaths, thereby enhancing neuronal survival and mitigating injury-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. These actions collectively contribute to creating a favorable microenvironment for structural and functional nerve regeneration. A range of autophagyinducing drugs and interventions have demonstrated beneficial effects in alleviating peripheral neuropathy and promoting nerve regeneration in preclinical models of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries. This review delves into the regulation of autophagy in cell types involved in peripheral nerve regeneration, summarizing the potential drugs and interventions that can be harnessed to promote this process. We hope that our review will offer novel insights and perspectives on the exploitation of autophagy pathways in the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries and neuropathies.

Key words: autophagy, autophagy related genes, Charcot–Marie–Tooth diseases, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, metformin, myelination, peripheral nerve injury, Schwann cells, sciatic nerve, Wallerian degeneration