中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (9): 4076-4088.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00089

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

前列腺素:神经系统免疫调节的关键因子

  

  • 出版日期:2026-09-15 发布日期:2026-05-16

Prostaglandins: Key players in immunomodulation of the nervous system

Ziqin Wang1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Ying Sun6, Minjie Luo1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Nina He1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Zhongchi Wen1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Zuzhen Wang1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Yonglong Zhang1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Jie Zhao1, 3, 4, 5, *, Ying Liu1, 2, 3, 4, 5, *   

  1. 1Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; 
    2Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; 
    3National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; 
    4Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; 
    5National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; 
    6Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Online:2026-09-15 Published:2026-05-16
  • Contact: Ying Liu, MD, liu1977ying@126.com; Jie Zhao, MD, steelzj@csu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 82172147 (to YL), 81571880 (to YL), 81373147 (to YL), 30972870 (to YL), 30901555 (to JZ); the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, Nos. 2021JJ30900 (to YL), 2016JJ2157 (to JZ); and Construction Project of High-Level Hospital of Jiangsu Province, No. LCZX202403 (to YS).

摘要:

前列腺素作为一类在多种生理病理过程中起重要作用的生物活性物质,其作用越来越受到关注。既往研究不仅揭示了外周器官中前列腺素的分子特性、参与前列腺素生物合成的酶及前列腺素受体,还探索了它们在中枢神经系统中的特征和功能。大脑中的前列腺素显示出独特的免疫抑制作用,这对维持大脑免疫稳态和防止过度免疫反应具有重要意义。此次综述回顾了前列腺素的生物合成和降解,讨论了前列腺素系统对神经系统免疫细胞的调节作用,并探索了靶向前列腺素系统治疗神经系统疾病的潜力。总之,前列腺素在神经系统的免疫调节中起着重要的作用,其复杂性取决于多种类型和特定受体,更重要的是取决于其作用的细胞类型。因此,需要进一步深入研究前列腺素在免疫调节中的具体机制,包括不同类型前列腺素的相互作用及其在神经病理学条件下的作用。前列腺素信号通路可能是神经系统疾病新药开发的一个重要方向,前列腺素系统靶点与其他疗法(如免疫调节药物和基因治疗)的联合可能会产生更好的治疗效果。


https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3392-5977 (Ying Liu); https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3760-4038 (Jie Zhao)

关键词: 自身免疫性神经系统疾病, 脑血管破坏性疾病, 神经系统的免疫细胞, 免疫调节, 神经系统, 神经痛和慢性疼痛, 神经退行性疾病, 神经炎症, 前列腺素受体, 前列腺素

Abstract:

As a class of bioactive substances that play important roles in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, prostaglandins have attracted increasing research attention. Published studies have identified the molecular characteristics of prostaglandins in peripheral organs, the enzymes involved in prostaglandin biosynthesis, and prostaglandin receptors. Some studies have also explored the characteristics of prostaglandins and their functions in the central nervous system. In particular, for immunomodulation, prostaglandins in the brain show a unique immunosuppressive effect, which is of great importance for maintaining brain immune homeostasis and preventing excessive immune responses. In this review, we review the biosynthesis and degradation of prostaglandins, discuss the regulatory effects of prostaglandin systems on the immune cells of the nervous system, and explore the therapeutic potential of targeting prostaglandin systems for neurological diseases, thereby providing new perspectives for the treatment of these diseases. Overall, prostaglandins play important roles in the immunomodulation of the nervous system, and the complexity of the underlying processes depends on the variety and types of specific receptors and, more importantly, the cell types prostaglandins act on. Therefore, additional in-depth studies of the specific mechanisms involving prostaglandins in immunomodulation, including the interactions among different types of prostaglandins and their roles in neuropathological conditions, are essential. The prostaglandin signaling pathway may represent another important direction for the development of new drugs for neurological diseases, and the combination of prostaglandin system targets with other therapies (such as immunomodulatory drugs and gene therapy) may yield better results.

Key words: autoimmune neurological diseases, cerebrovascular destructive disease, immune cells of the nervous system, immunomodulatory, nervous system, neuralgia and chronic pain, neurodegenerative diseases, neuroinflammation, prostaglandin, prostaglandin receptor