中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (9): 4068-4075.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00191

• 综述:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

脊髓V3中间神经元:在健康和损伤状态下控制运动的作用

  

  • 出版日期:2026-09-15 发布日期:2026-05-16
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技部重大项目(2022ZD0204700),国家自然科学基金重大项目(92248304),国家自然科学基金青年项目(82301572)

Roles of spinal V3 interneurons: Roles in controlling movement in healthy and injured conditions

Ruoying Zhang1, 2, Wei Wang1, 2, 3, *, Xiaolong Zheng1, 2, *   

  1. 1Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; 
    2Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; 
    3Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, the School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
  • Online:2026-09-15 Published:2026-05-16
  • Contact: Wei Wang, MD, PhD, wwang@vip.126.com; Xiaolong Zheng, PhD, xl_zheng@hust.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (STI2030-Major Projects), No. 2022ZD0204700 (to WW); the Major Research Program of National Natural Science Foundation, No. 92248304 (to WW); and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82301572 (to XZ).

摘要:

脊髓V3中间神经元是分布在脊髓背侧、中间和腹侧的谷氨酸能神经元,可参与中枢神经系统中广泛的神经回路连接。从功能上讲,它们在运动中起着重要的作用,如在行走过程中保持稳健和平衡的步态。更重要的是,脊髓损伤后,这些神经元可保持其兴奋性,并促进本体感觉向运动神经元的传递,这对于启动类似运动的复杂协调的相互和有节奏的活动至关重要。因此,脊髓V3中间神经元似乎是脊髓损伤后恢复运动的潜在靶点。然而,针对脊髓V3中间神经元的脊髓损伤治疗策略很少。因此此次综述总结了脊髓V3中间神经元在正常和损伤状态下对运动的调控作用,并提出了针对它们恢复脊髓损伤后的运动功能的可能策略。虽然目前已有越来越多的研究致力于识别脊髓V3中间神经元以及其在运动、感觉和自主神经系统功能中的作用。然而,关于脊髓V3中间神经元的分子特征、功能特性及其在脊髓损伤后的潜在治疗效应,仍存在诸多尚未明确的问题。未来应优先考虑基于其感觉运动特征对这种特定神经元亚群深入表征,以进一步增强其对脊髓修复和功能恢复的作用。


https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4146-0499 (Xiaolong Zheng)

关键词: 中枢神经系统, 功能恢复, 谷氨酸能神经元, 运动, 神经回路, 感觉运动, 特定神经元亚群, 脊髓损伤, 脊髓V3中间神经元, 治疗策略

Abstract:

Spinal V3 interneurons are glutamatergic neurons that are distributed among the dorsal, intermediate, and ventral spinal cord. They are involved in broad neural circuit connections in the central nervous system. Functionally, they play important roles in locomotion, such as the maintenance of robust and balanced gaits during walking. More importantly, after spinal cord injury, these neurons maintain their excitability and facilitate proprioceptive sensory transmission to motor neurons, which are crucial for the initiation of complex coordinated reciprocal and rhythmic activities that resemble locomotion. Thus, spinal V3 interneurons appear to be good candidates for the restoration of locomotion after spinal cord injury. Nevertheless, therapeutic strategies targeting spinal V3 interneurons for spinal cord injury are scarce. In this review, we summarize the functional roles of spinal V3 interneurons in locomotion across uninjured and injured states and come up with possible strategies targeting them to restore locomotor function after spinal cord injury. Currently, an increasing number of studies are dedicated to identifying spinal V3 interneurons and their roles in motor, sensory, and autonomic nervous system functions. However, there are still many unclear questions regarding the molecular and functional characteristics of V3 interneurons in the spinal cord, as well as their potential therapeutic effects after spinal cord injury. Future research should prioritize the in-depth characterization of this specific neuronal subpopulation based on its sensorimotor features to further enhance spinal cord repair and functional recovery.

Key words: central nervous system, functional recovery, glutamatergic neuron, locomotion, neural circuit, nerve regeneration, sensorimotor, specific neuronal subpopulation, spinal cord injury, spinal V3 interneuron