中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2015, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (9): 1383-1385.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.165223

• 观点:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

耀眼的光芒:使用荧光底物体外检测存活神经元单胺的几点思考

  

  • 收稿日期:2015-06-15 出版日期:2015-09-28 发布日期:2015-09-28

Shine bright: considerations on the use of fluorescent substrates in living monoaminergic neurons in vitro

Patrick Schloss, Friederike Matthäus, Thorsten Lau   

  1. Biochemical Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim,
    Heidelberg University, Germany
  • Received:2015-06-15 Online:2015-09-28 Published:2015-09-28
  • Contact: Patrick Schloss, Ph.D., patrick.schloss@zi-mannheim.de.
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB636) to PS and FM.

摘要:

近年来,越来越多的证据表明:单胺能神经元通过非突触递质释放调节突触可塑性即所谓的体积传输,而不是经由突触信号的“有线传输”。神经递质的体积传输概念会发生在细胞的躯体树突区。。释放发射机通过所述流体填充外空间(ECS)扩散,并通过激活远程非突触受体调节有线兴奋性以及抑制神经传递。ECS的神经递质通过选择性血浆膜结合转运为DA(DAT)中,NE(NET)和5-HT(SERT)回神经元介导。像的胞吐释放位点也是神经递质转运被定位遍布细胞体,树突和轴突。根据实验方法在体外选用更新的技术选择荧光灯基板和神经元群体为单胺能神经元的发育产生定义。这就能够对非突触单胺摄取的结构和功能方面的进行详细调查,并释放活的神经元。此外,有可能以选择性区分来自基因型和表型的个体IPSC的神经元将打产生以从患者和健康受试者比较的药物和药物滥用的单胺能神经传递在神经元的动作的可能性。

Abstract:

The biogenic monoamines dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) are major neuromodulators in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). DA containing neurons are found in i) the mesolimbic system in which cell bodies in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) project axons into the amygdala, cortex, hippocampus and the nucleus accumbens; and ii) the nigrostriatal system in which cell bodies located in the substantia nigra pars compacta send their axons into the dorsolateral parts of the striatum. The central noradrenergic neurons are concentrated in distinct brainstem nuclei with the locus coeruleus (LC) being the most prominent nucleus which projects a diffusely arborizing axonal network to most areas of the CNS. Serotonergic neurons are located in the raphe nuclei in the brain stem with widespread efferent axonal trajectories with a high number of collateral arborizations into many brain regions such as cortical areas, the hippocampus, the basal ganglia and the spinal cord. Malfunctions of the three monoaminergic systems are associated with different psychiatric and neurological diseases such as depression, anxiety, chronic pain, sleep disorders, schizophrenia, various aspects of drug abuse, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease.