中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (5): 1036-1044.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.382985

• 综述:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化的致病机制

  

  • 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2023-10-31
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(30560042,81160161,81360198,82160255);江西省教育厅项目(GJJ13198,GJJ170021);江西省科技厅项目(20192BAB205043);江西省卫健委项目(20181019和202210002)

Pathological mechanisms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Yushu Hu1, 2, Wenzhi Chen1, 2, Caihui Wei1, 2, Shishi Jiang1, 2, Shu Li1, 2, Xinxin Wang1, 2, Renshi Xu1, 2, 3, *   

  1. 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China; 2Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China; 3Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College; The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Online:2024-05-15 Published:2023-10-31
  • Contact: Renshi Xu, PhD, xurenshi@ncu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This work was in part supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 30560042, 81160161, 81360198, and 82160255; Education Department of Jiangxi Province, Nos. GJJ13198 and GJJ170021; Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology, No. 20192BAB205043; and Health and Family Planning Commission of Jiangxi Province, Nos. 20181019 and 202210002 (all to RX).

摘要:

肌萎缩脊髓侧索硬化是一种涉及运动系统的神经退行性疾病。尽管经过多年的研究,其病因仍未得到确切的解释,了解和治疗该疾病的道路依然漫长。就目前的研究表明,肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化很可能不是由单一因素引起的,而是由分子和遗传途径之间复杂的相互作用所介导的综合机制,其进展涉及到多途径的细胞过程。不同复杂机制间相互作用进一步加大了明确致病因素的困难。综述介绍了最常见的肌萎缩脊髓侧索硬化相关致病基因和其中涉及的通路机制,并阐述了目前提出的可能导致肌萎缩脊髓侧索硬化疾病的机制,以及它们参与肌萎缩脊髓侧索硬化发病的证据,还讨论了目前治疗肌萎缩脊髓侧索硬化新兴策略,以及这些新兴疗法如何帮助我们进一步清晰认识和了解肌萎缩脊髓侧索硬化发生过程的每一个关键环节。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7315-5036 (Yushu Hu); https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0313-3434 (Renshi Xu)

关键词: 肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化, 神经退行性疾病, 运动神经元, 细胞通路, 致病机制

Abstract: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis refers to a neurodegenerative disease involving the motor system, the cause of which remains unexplained despite several years of research. Thus, the journey to understanding or treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is still a long one. According to current research, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is likely not due to a single factor but rather to a combination of mechanisms mediated by complex interactions between molecular and genetic pathways. The progression of the disease involves multiple cellular processes and the interaction between different complex mechanisms makes it difficult to identify the causative factors of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Here, we review the most common amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated pathogenic genes and the pathways involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as summarize currently proposed potential mechanisms responsible for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease and their evidence for involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In addition, we discuss current emerging strategies for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Studying the emergence of these new therapies may help to further our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of the disease.

Key words: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cellular pathways, disease mechanisms, motor neuron, neurodegenerative disease