中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (4): 833-845.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.382223

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

肠道微生物群与神经退行性疾病相关性分析:一项基于宏基因组学的综述

  

  • 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2023-09-15

Correlation between the gut microbiome and neurodegenerative diseases: a review of metagenomics evidence

Xiaoyan Liu1, Yi Liu1, 2, Junlin Liu1, Hantao Zhang1, Chaofan Shan1, Yinglu Guo1, Xun Gong3, Mengmeng Cui4, Xiubin Li4, *, Min Tang1, *   

  1. 1School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Institute of Animal Husbandry, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; 3Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China; 4Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
  • Online:2024-04-15 Published:2023-09-15
  • Contact: Min Tang, PhD, mt3138@ujs.edu.cn; Xiubin Li, PhD, 361861097@qq.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 32002235 (to MT) and the Science and Technology Foundation of Taian of Shandong Province, No. 2020NS216 (to XL).

摘要:

越来越多的证据表明,肠道微生物群可通过微生物群-肠脑轴在神经退行性疾病发展中发挥重要的作用。作为一个起作用的因素,微生物群失调总是发生在阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和肌萎缩侧索硬化等神经退行性疾病的病理变化中。在高通量测序技术的帮助下,已逐步揭示了中枢神经系统和肠神经系统之间由多种微生物引起的双向通信,如神经免疫和神经内分泌。此次综述总结了神经退行性疾病中肠道宏基因组学的生物信息学分析和湿生物学验证,重点介绍了多组学研究和肠道病毒组学的研究,还阐明了用于识别脑疾病类型的病原体相关信号生物标志物和潜在治疗靶点,最后分析了饮食、益生菌和运动干预在重塑微生物组和减轻神经退行性疾病表现中的作用。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-0292 (Min Tang); https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8795-076X (Xiubin Li)

关键词: 宏基因组学, 肠道微生物群, 神经退行性疾病, 生物标志物, 饮食模式, 神经炎症, 肠脑轴, 线粒体功能障碍, 益生菌, 多组学

Abstract: A growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiota contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. As a contributing factor, microbiota dysbiosis always occurs in pathological changes of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. High-throughput sequencing technology has helped to reveal that the bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system is facilitated by the microbiota’s diverse microorganisms, and for both neuroimmune and neuroendocrine systems. Here, we summarize the bioinformatics analysis and wet-biology validation for the gut metagenomics in neurodegenerative diseases, with an emphasis on multi-omics studies and the gut virome. The pathogen-associated signaling biomarkers for identifying brain disorders and potential therapeutic targets are also elucidated. Finally, we discuss the role of diet, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics and exercise interventions in remodeling the microbiome and reducing the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases.

Key words: biomarker, diet pattern, gut microbiota, gut-brain axis, metagenomics, mitochondrial dysfunction, multi-omics, neurodegenerative disease, neuroinflammation, probiotic