中国神经再生研究(英文版)

中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2018, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (5): 869-876.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.232483

• 原著:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

早期电场刺激可有效阻止脊髓损伤后脊髓前角运动神经元丢失及所支配的肌肉萎缩

  

  • 收稿日期:2018-02-05 出版日期:2018-05-15 发布日期:2018-05-15
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金（31400717，51577183）；中国北京自然科学基金（7164317）；中国科学院青年创新促进项目（2018172）

 Early electrical field stimulation prevents the loss of spinal cord anterior horn motoneurons and muscle atrophy following spinal cord injury

Cheng Zhang1, Wei Rong2, Guang-Hao Zhang1, Ai-Hua Wang1, Chang-Zhe Wu1, Xiao-Lin Huo1, 3   

  1. 1 Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
    2 Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
    3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
  • Received:2018-02-05 Online:2018-05-15 Published:2018-05-15
  • Contact: Xiao-Lin Huo, Ph.D.,huoxl@mail.iee.ac.cn.
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31400717, 51577183; the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing of China, No. 7164317; the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS, No. 2018172.

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摘要：

课题组前期研究表明，大鼠脊髓损伤早期，在脊髓损伤处施加正极、在损伤处的两端施加负极的电场刺激可显著降低脊髓损伤损伤电位，抑制继发性损伤，保护脊髓皮质脊髓束神经纤维的形态及功能。实验拟进一步评价电场刺激治疗保护脊髓损伤后脊髓前角运动神经元及其支配的下肢肌肉的作用及其机制。实验设计3组，采用重物下坠法制作脊髓T10节段损伤模型，损伤后立即接受持续30 min的电场刺激，设为电场刺激组；将仅建立脊髓损伤模型的大鼠设为脊髓损伤组；另设仅进行椎板切除的大鼠为假手术组。Luxol快蓝染色可发现，电场刺激组大鼠脊髓损伤中心的脊髓组织可得到更好的保护，脊髓空洞的面积和周长都显著小于脊髓损伤组。免疫荧光和透射电镜观察显示，和脊髓损伤组相比，电场刺激组大鼠脊髓前角正常神经元的数量显著增多，异常神经元数量显著减少。此外见脊髓损伤组大鼠股外侧肌的重量和纤维横截面积小于假手术组，而电场刺激治疗可改善上述肌肉萎缩症状。行为学检测显示电场刺激可以显提高大鼠斜板试验角度及Tarlov运动评分。上述数据证实，早期电场刺激可有效阻止大鼠脊髓损伤后脊髓前角运动神经元的丢失，促进运动功能恢复，并减轻肌肉萎缩症状。

orcid:0000-0001-7416-3601(Xiao-Lin Huo)

关键词: 神经再生, 脊髓损伤, 电场刺激, 前角, 运动神经元, 股外侧肌, Tarlov运动评分, 斜板试验, 胆碱乙酰化酶, 透射电子显微镜

Abstract:

Our previous study revealed that early application of electrical field stimulation (EFS) with the anode at the lesion and the cathode distal to the lesion reduced injury potential, inhibited secondary injury and was neuroprotective in the dorsal corticospinal tract after spinal cord injury (SCI). The objective of this study was to further evaluate the effect of EFS on protection of anterior horn motoneurons and their target musculature after SCI and its mechanism. Rats were randomized into three equal groups. The EFS group received EFS for 30 minutes immediately after injury at T10. SCI group rats were only subjected to SCI and sham group rats were only subjected to laminectomy. Luxol fast blue staining demonstrated that spinal cord tissue in the injury center was better protected; cross-sectional area and perimeter of injured tissue were significantly smaller in the EFS group than in the SCI group. Immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy showed that the number of spinal cord anterior horn motoneurons was greater and the number of abnormal neurons reduced in the EFS group compared with the SCI group. Wet weight and cross-sectional area of vastus lateralis muscles were smaller in the SCI group to in the sham group. However, EFS improved muscle atrophy and behavioral examination showed that EFS significantly increased the angle in the inclined plane test and Tarlov’s motor grading score. The above results confirm that early EFS can effectively impede spinal cord anterior horn motoneuron loss, promote motor function recovery and reduce muscle atrophy in rats after SCI.

Key words: nerve regeneration, spinal cord injury, electrical field stimulation, anterior horn, motoneurons, vastus lateralis muscle, Tarlov’s motor grading scale, inclined plane test, choline acetyltransferase, transmission electron microscopy, neural regeneration