中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2018, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (12): 2173-2181.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.241471

• 原著:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

外源性脑源性神经营养因子能改善冈田酸诱导阿尔茨海默病模型大鼠的认知功能

  

  • 收稿日期:2018-08-09 出版日期:2018-12-15 发布日期:2018-12-15

Exogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor attenuates cognitive impairment induced by okadaic acid in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease

Ai-Hua Xu1, Yang Yang1, Yong-Xin Sun1, Chao-Dong Zhang2   

  1. 1 Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
    2 Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2018-08-09 Online:2018-12-15 Published:2018-12-15
  • Contact: Chao-Dong Zhang, MD, zcdydyysn@163.com.

摘要:

脑源性神经营养因子表达下降在阿尔茨海默病的发病机制中有重要作用,而阿尔茨海默病的典型病理改变为tau蛋白过度磷酸化导致的神经原纤维缠结。为此,实验选择中国医科大学实验动物中心提供的成年雄性Wister大鼠,首先以2 μL冈田酸(0.2 μM)立体定向注射双侧海马建立阿尔茨海默病体内模型,同时注射2 μL外源性脑源性神经营养因子(50 ng/mL)。然后,以Morris水迷宫评估大鼠的空间学习记忆能力,以Western blot检测PP2A、PP2Ac-Yp307、p-tau (Thr231)、p-tau (Ser396/404)的表达水平,以定量实时PCR 检测BDNF,TrkB,SYN mRNA表达水平。结果发现:(1)外源性脑源性神经营养因子能使阿尔茨海默病大鼠脑源性神经营养因子、TrkB和SYN mRNA水平上调,PP2A表达上调,PP2Ac-Yp307,p-tau (Ser396/404)和p-tau (Thr231)表达下调,空间学习记忆能力增强;(2)而以0.2 μM脑源性神经营养因子特异性受体TrkB的特异性抑制剂K252a干预时,脑源性神经营养因子的作用受限;但0.2 μM PI3K的特异性抑制剂LY294002干预时,仅影响脑源性神经营养因子、TrkB和SYN mRNA以及PP2A,PP2Ac-Yp307,p-tau (Ser396/404)和p-tau (Thr231)表达,而大鼠空间学习记忆能力未受到影响。(3)为进一步探索脑源性神经营养因子的作用机制,以40 nM SH-SY5Y细胞冈田酸干预24h建立阿尔茨海默病体外细胞模型,以50ng/mL脑源性神经营养因子干预15min,以Western blot检测海马中Tau (Ser199/202)、pTau (Ser199/202)、pGSK-3β、pAKT、PP2A、PP2Ac-Yp307、Tau-5的表达水平,以免疫荧光染色检测PP2Ac-Yp307、pTau (Ser199/202)的免疫阳性反应。结果发现PP2Ac-Yp307和pTau (Ser199/202)的阳性表达明显降低,PP2Ac-Yp307,pTau (Ser199/202)和pGSK-3β水平降低,PP2A,Tau (Ser199/202)和pAKT水平增加,Tau-5表达没有变化,而当4 μM LY294002或4 μM K252a存在时,脑源性神经营养因子的作用减弱;(4)体内实验结果表明,外源性脑源性神经营养因子可通过降低PP2A磷酸化,减轻tau蛋白磷酸化,以缓解阿尔茨海默病大鼠的认知功能障碍,体内实验也进一步确认这一过程是通过抑制PI3K/糖原合成酶激酶3β/AKT信号通路而发挥作用的。

orcid:0000-0002-2757-8596(Chao-Dong Zhang)

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病, 外源性脑源性神经营养因子, Tau蛋白, 冈田酸, 磷酸化, PP2A-Y307, 糖原合成酶激酶3&beta, TrkB, 认知功能, 大脑保护, 神经再生

Abstract:

Decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, and a typical pathological change in Alzheimer’s disease is neurofibrillary tangles caused by hyperphosphorylation of tau. An in vivo model of Alzheimer’s disease was developed by injecting okadaic acid (2 μL) and exogenous BDNF (2 μL) into the hippocampi of adult male Wister rats. Spatial learning and memory abilities were assessed using the Morris water maze. The expression levels of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), PP2Ac-Yp307, p-tau (Thr231), and p-tau (Ser396/404) were detected by western blot assay. The expression levels of BDNF, TrkB, and synaptophysin mRNA were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our results indicated that BDNF expression was suppressed in the hippocampus of OA-treated rats, which resulted in learning and memory deficits. Intra-hippocampal injection of BDNF attenuated this OA-induced cognitive impairment. Finally, our findings indicated an involvement of the PI3K/GSK-3β/AKT pathway in the mechanism of BDNF in regulating cognitive function. These results indicate that BDNF has beneficial effect on Alzheimer’s disease, and highlight the potential of BDNF as a drug target for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

Key words: nerve regeneration, Alzheimer’s disease, exogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor, Tau protein, okadaic acid, phosphorylation, PP2A-Y307, glycogen synthase kinase-3β, TrkB, cognitive function, brain protection, neural regeneration