中国神经再生研究(英文版)

中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (12): 2637-2648.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.391307

• 综述:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

癫痫的脑网络机制与脑网络神经影像技术

  

  • 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-03-30
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（82001378）、重庆市科卫联合科研项目（2023QNXM009）、重庆市教委科学技术研究项目（KJQN202200435）、重庆市自然科学基金创新发展联合基金重点项目（CSTB2022NSCQ-LZX0038）、重庆市青年拔尖人才项目（cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0035）及四川省自然科学基金项目（2022NSFSC1545，2022NSFSC1387）

Epileptic brain network mechanisms and neuroimaging techniques for the brain network

Yi Guo1, #, Zhonghua Lin2, #, Zhen Fan3, *, Xin Tian4, *   

  1. 1Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China; 2Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China; 3Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China; 4Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
  • Online:2024-12-15 Published:2024-03-30
  • Contact: Xin Tian, MD, PhD, xintian@cqmu.edu.cn; Zhen Fan, MD, PhD, fanzhen_dr@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province of China, Nos. 2022NSFSC1545 (to YG), 2022NSFSC1387 (to ZF); the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing of China, Nos. CSTB2022NSCQ-LZX0038, cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0035 (both to XT); the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82001378 (to XT); the Joint Project of Chongqing Health Commission and Science and Technology Bureau, No. 2023QNXM009 (to XT); the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Education Commission of China, No. KJQN202200435 (to XT); the Chongqing Talents: Exceptional Young Talents Project, No. CQYC202005014 (to XT).

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摘要：

癫痫可被定义为脑网络功能障碍，每种类型的癫痫涉及不同的脑网络变化，且这些变化与发作间期或发作期放电的控制和传播有着不同的关系。获得脑网络变化的更详细信息可以进一步了解癫痫的机制，并为临床实践中基于脑网络的精确治疗方法铺平道路。越来越多的先进神经成像技术和电生理技术，包括基于扩散张量成像的纤维束成像、基于弥散峰度成像的纤维束成像，基于光纤球成像的纤维束成像、脑电图、功能磁共振成像、脑磁图、正电子发射断层扫描、分子成像以及功能性超声成像已被广泛用于描绘癫痫脑网络。此次综述总结了评估癫痫患者结构性脑网络和功能性脑网络的相关神经影像和神经电生理技术，并详细分析了每种技术的成像机制、优点、不足之处及临床应用范围。更多地关注新兴先进技术、新的数据分析软件、多种技术的组合以及个性化虚拟癫痫模型的构建，可为理解癫痫的脑网络机制和手术决策提供理论依据。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1552-8919 (Xin Tian)

关键词: 癫痫, 神经影像技术, 电生理技术, 结构脑网络, 功能脑网络, 功能磁共振成像, 分子成像, 功能近红外光谱, 机器学习, 虚拟模型

Abstract: Epilepsy can be defined as a dysfunction of the brain network, and each type of epilepsy involves different brain-network changes that are implicated differently in the control and propagation of interictal or ictal discharges. Gaining more detailed information on brain network alterations can help us to further understand the mechanisms of epilepsy and pave the way for brain network-based precise therapeutic approaches in clinical practice. An increasing number of advanced neuroimaging techniques and electrophysiological techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging-based fiber tractography, diffusion kurtosis imaging-based fiber tractography, fiber ball imaging-based tractography, electroencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, magnetoencephalography, positron emission tomography, molecular imaging, and functional ultrasound imaging have been extensively used to delineate epileptic networks. In this review, we summarize the relevant neuroimaging and neuroelectrophysiological techniques for assessing structural and functional brain networks in patients with epilepsy, and extensively analyze the imaging mechanisms, advantages, limitations, and clinical application ranges of each technique. A greater focus on emerging advanced technologies, new data analysis software, a combination of multiple techniques, and the construction of personalized virtual epilepsy models can provide a theoretical basis to better understand the brain network mechanisms of epilepsy and make surgical decisions.

Key words: electrophysiological techniques, epilepsy, functional brain network, functional magnetic resonance imaging, functional near-infrared spectroscopy, machine leaning, molecular imaging, neuroimaging techniques, structural brain network, virtual epileptic models