中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (6): 2389-2396.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01007

• 原著:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

缺氧诱导因子1α抑制剂PX-478可通过抑制海马神经元铁死亡减轻癫痫

  

  • 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2026-04-18
  • 基金资助:
    研究得到吉林省自然科学基金的资助支持

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α inhibitor reduces hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis

Zhen Liang1, Qi Guo1, Zhaoshi Zheng1, Yingyue Lou2, Xiaojuan Zhu3, Songyan Liu1, *   

  1. 1Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China; 
    2Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China; 
    3Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
  • Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-04-18
  • Contact: Songyan Liu, PhD, liu_sy@jlu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Jilin Province, No. YDZJ202401157ZYTS (to SL).

摘要:

癫痫是一种常见的神经系统疾病,其中海马神经元损伤,特别是铁死亡,起着重要的作用。既往研究显示,缺氧诱导因子1α被认为是一个重要的细胞应激反应调节因子,已被证实在多种疾病的发生中扮演着关键角色。然而,缺氧诱导因子1α如何与癫痫及神经元铁死亡相关的机制尚不明确。为此,实验以戊四氮诱导的慢性癫痫小鼠模型模拟癫痫,腹腔注射缺氧诱导因子1α抑制剂PX-478进行治疗。结果显示,PX-478可显著延长癫痫小鼠的发作潜伏期,减轻发作严重程度,缩短发作持续时间。PX-478还能减轻癫痫小鼠海马CA1和CA3区神经元损伤,降低活性氧和丙二醛水平,增加超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶水平。透射电子显微镜可见,经PX-478治疗后,癫痫小鼠海马神经元线粒体损伤减少,其线粒体长度和面积显著恢复。同时PX-478还能优先降低癫痫小鼠海马中前列腺素内过氧化物合酶2表达、Fe2+含量、铁蛋白重链多肽1、转铁蛋白表达和缺氧诱导因子1α/血红素加氧酶1通路活性。综上,PX-478可通过抑制缺氧诱导因子1α/血红素加氧酶1通路、改善氧化应激和减少海马神经元的铁死亡,发挥治疗癫痫的潜力。


https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0619-2755 (Songyan Liu)

关键词: PX-478, 癫痫, 海马, 缺氧诱导因子1α, 血红素加氧酶1, 氧化应激, 铁死亡, 活性氧, 线粒体超微结构, 癫痫发作行为

Abstract: Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder in which hippocampal neuronal damage, particularly ferroptosis, plays a critical role. Previous studies have shown that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α is considered an important regulator of cellular stress responses and has been confirmed to play a critical role in the occurrence of various diseases. However, the mechanisms by which hypoxia-inducible factor 1α is related to epilepsy and neuronal ferroptosis remain unclear. In this study, we used a pentylentetrazole-induced chronic epilepsy mouse model and treated the mice with intraperitoneal administration of PX-478, a hypoxia-inducible factor-1α inhibitor. Our results showed that PX-478 significantly prolonged the latency of epilepsy, reduced seizure severity, and shortened seizure duration. PX-478 also alleviated neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1 and CA2 regions, reduced levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, and increased levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Transmission electron microscopy showed that PX-478 treatment reduced mitochondrial damage in the hippocampal neurons of epileptic mice, and significantly improved mitochondrial length and area. Additionally, PX-478 preferentially reduced Fe2+ levels and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, ferritin heavy chain 1 and transferrin in the hippocampus of epileptic mice. It also inhibited the activity of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α/heme oxygenase-1 pathway. In summary, these findings suggest that PX-478 has the potential to treat epilepsy by inhibiting the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α/heme oxygenase-1 pathway, alleviating oxidative stress, and reducing ferroptosis in hippocampal neurons. 

Key words: epilepsy, ferroptosis, heme oxygenase-1, hippocampus, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, mitochondrial ultrastructure, oxidative stress, PX-478, reactive oxygen species, seizure behavior