中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2015, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (1): 128-135.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.150720

• 原著:周围神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

针灸治疗损伤周围神经选穴方案的改进:节选督脉经穴电针为主配合局部选穴

  

  • 收稿日期:2014-08-29 出版日期:2015-01-15 发布日期:2015-01-15

Improvement in acupoint selection for acupuncture of nerves surrounding the injury site: electro-acupuncture with Governor vessel with local meridian acupoints

Guan-heng He 1, Jing-wen Ruan 1, *, Yuan-shan Zeng 2, Xin Zhou 1, Ying Ding 2, Guang-hui Zhou 3, *   

  1. 1 Department of Acupuncture, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
    2 Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
    3 Rehabilitation Department, People’s Hospital of Dongguan Shilong, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2014-08-29 Online:2015-01-15 Published:2015-01-15
  • Contact: Jing-wen Ruan, ruanjw@163.com. Guang-hui Zhou, zhouguanghui2072@163.com.
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the Guangdong Province Science and Technology Plan, No. 2010B030700008; the Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Application Foundation, No. 2012J4300062; the Major Project of Science and Technology Plan of Dongguan City in 2012, No. 2012105102022.

摘要:

周围神经损伤不仅可出现局部病变,还会引起相应阶段脊髓神经元的凋亡。目前许多临床医生在周围神经损伤的治疗上只关注局部处理,而忽视了远离损伤部位的脊髓段病灶的治疗,从而影响患者的康复效果和速度。传统针灸处方中也存在只注重选取局部经穴的问题。本次实验设计的第一阶段,共纳入周围神经损伤患者30例,随机等分为2组,第1组上肢神经损伤组,督脉穴配合局部经穴组以刺激督脉经穴为主,选取百会(GV20)、风府(GV16)、大椎(GV14)、身柱穴(GV12);第2组下肢神经损伤组,选取脊中(GV6)、命门(GV4),、腰阳关(GV3)、腰俞穴(GV2),局部经穴组仅根据损伤神经的不同循经取穴。两组在进针后予电针治疗30 min,1次/d,5次/周,共治疗6周。结果发现,局部经穴组脱失2例,督脉配合局部经穴组的疗效优良率(80.0%)明显高于局部经穴组(38.5%)。实验第二阶段,再次纳入周围神经损伤患者20例,针灸取穴、治疗方法及疗程与第一阶段中的督脉配合局部经穴组相同,并在治疗前、后予电生理检查观察神经传导情况以探讨作用机制。结果发现,治疗总有效率为80.0%,且经治疗后多数运动神经的波幅、传导速度皆有不同程度的提高。由此可见节选督脉经穴电针为主对周围神经损伤后运动神经功能的修复有较好的促进作用。此外,对1例桡神经损伤患者于针刺前、针刺得气后、电针后及电针治疗结束后4个状态进行即时的电生理检查,发现电针治疗后的运动神经传导速度较治疗前提高了23.2%,可见督脉电针的即时效应非常明显。结果显示,研究采用的以节选督脉经穴电针为主配合局部取穴的治疗方法,对周围神经损伤后功能的修复有较好的促进作用,其作用机制可能与督脉电针能改善局部微环境,配合电针即时效应保证了周围神经与中枢神经的连续性有关。

关键词: 神经再生, 周围神经损伤, 针刺, 电针, 督脉经穴, 局部经穴, 电生理学, 局部病变, 脊髓神经元, 运动神经神经传导, 功能恢复

Abstract:

Peripheral nerve injury not only affects the site of the injury, but can also induce neuronal apoptosis at the spinal cord. However, many acupuncture clinicians still focus only on the injury site, selecting acupoints entirely along the injured nerve trunk and neglecting other regions; this may delay onset of treatment efficacy and rehabilitation. Therefore, in the present study, we compared the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at Governor vessel and local meridian acupoints combined (GV/LM group) with acupuncture at local meridian acupoints alone (LM group) in the treatment of patients with peripheral nerve injury. In the GV/LM group (n = 15), in addition to meridian acupoints at the injury site, the following acupoints on the Governor vessel were stimulated: Baihui (GV20), Fengfu (GV16), Dazhui (GV14), and Shenzhu (GV12), selected to treat nerve injury of the upper limb, and Jizhong (GV6), Mingmen (GV4), Yaoyangguan (GV3), and Yaoshu (GV2) to treat nerve injury of the lower limb. In the LM group (n = 15), only meridian acupoints along the injured nerve were selected. Both groups had electroacupuncture treatment for 30 minutes, once a day, 5 times per week, for 6 weeks. Two cases dropped out of the LM group. A good or excellent clinical response was obtained in 80% of the patients in the GV/LM group and 38.5% of the LM group. In a second study, an additional 20 patients underwent acupuncture with the same prescription as the GV/LM group. Electomyographic nerve conduction tests were performed before and after acupuncture to explore the mechanism of action of the treatment. An effective response was observed in 80.0% of the patients, with greater motor nerve conduction velocity and amplitude after treatment, indicating that electroacupuncture on specific Governor vessel acupoints promotes functional motor nerve repair after peripheral nerve injury. In addition, electromyography was performed before, during and after electroacupuncture in one patient with radial nerve injury. After a single session, the patient’s motor nerve conduction velocity increased by 23.2%, indicating that electroacupuncture at Governor vessel acupoints has an immediate therapeutic effect on peripheral nerve injury. Our results indicate that Governor vessel and local meridian acupoints used simultaneously promote functional repair after peripheral nerve injury. The mechanism of action may arise from an improvement of the local microenvironment in injured nervous tissue, as well as immediate effects of Governor vessel and local meridian acupoint stimulation to ensure the continuity between the peripheral and central nervous systems.

Key words: nerve regeneration, peripheral nerve injury, acupuncture, electroacupuncture, Governor vessel acupoints, local acupoints, electrophysiology, spinal cord, motor nerve conduction, functional repair, neural regeneration