中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2017, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (8): 1278-1286.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.213547

• 原著:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

扩散性抑制和局部大脑静脉缺血促进大脑皮质神经发生

  

  • 出版日期:2017-08-15 发布日期:2017-08-15
  • 基金资助:

    德国 Johannes Gutenberg-University基金资助

Spreading depression and focal venous cerebral ischemia enhance cortical neurogenesis

Ryo Tamaki1, Samuel Ige Orie2,, Beat Alessandri2, Oliver Kempski2, Axel Heimann2   

  1. 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan;                                                    
    2 University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Institute for Neurosurgical Pathophysiology, Mainz, Germany
  • Online:2017-08-15 Published:2017-08-15
  • Contact: Axel Heimann, Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM),axel.heimann@unimedizin-mainz.de.
  • Supported by:

    The study was supported by a grant from Johannes Gutenberg-University.

摘要:

 

内源性神经发生可在生理刺激(如运动、学习或“富集环境”)以及病理条件(如缺血、癫痫或皮质扩散性抑制)下增强,是否这些条件通过共同的机制来促进内源性神经发生目前尚不清楚。实验假设皮质扩散性抑制(CSD)可诱导大脑静脉缺血后大脑皮质和齿状回(DG)神经发生。给予42只Wistar大鼠假手术,皮质扩散性抑制或在阻塞大鼠2条相邻浅表皮质静脉后进行皮质扩散性抑制。同时取15只未进行干预的正常大鼠作为对照。在实验第9和28天分别进行BrdU/双皮质素(双皮质素用于标记未成熟神经元)双标染色和用于标记成熟神经元的神经元特异性核蛋白(NeuN)染色。假手术后9d,大鼠大脑皮质发生细胞增殖和神经发生。单独皮质扩散性抑制干预未诱导明显的神经发生;当合并脑静脉缺血时,则明显促进缺血侧大脑皮质细胞增殖和新神经元的形成。以上结果部分证实了前面提出的假设:皮质扩散性抑制可诱导大脑静脉缺血后大脑皮质神经发生。

 

orcid:0000-0003-2510-3228(Heimann Axel)

关键词: 皮质扩散性抑制, 两静脉阻塞, 成体神经发生, 干细胞, 大脑皮质, 神经前体细胞, 神经元, 半暗带

Abstract:

Endogenous neurogenesis can arise from a variety of physiological stimuli including exercise, learning, or “enriched environment” as well as pathological conditions such as ischemia, epilepsy or cortical spreading depression. Whether all these conditions use a common trigger to set off endogenous neurogenesis is yet unclear. We hypothesized that cortical spreading depression (CSD) induces neurogenesis in the cerebral cortex and dentate gyrus after cerebral venous ischemia. Forty-two Wistar rats alternatively underwent sham operation (Sham), induction of ten CSDs or venous ischemia provoked via occlusion of two adjacent superficial cortical vein followed by ten induced CSDs (CSD + 2-VO). As an additional control, 15 naïve rats received no intervention except 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) treatment for 7 days. Sagittal brain slices (40 μm thick) were co-stained for BrdU and doublecortin (DCX; new immature neuronal cells) on day 9 or NeuN (new mature neuronal cells) on day 28. On day 9 after sham operation, cell proliferation and neurogenesis occurred in the cortex in rats. The sole induction of CSD had no effect. But on days 9 and 28, more proliferating cells and newly formed neurons in the ipsilateral cortex were observed in rats subjected to CSD + 2VO than in rats subjected to sham operation. On days 9 and 28, cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the ipsilateral dentate gyrus was increased in sham-operated rats than in naïve rats. Our data supports the hypothesis that induced cortical neurogenesis after CSD + 2-VO is a direct effect of ischemia, rather than of CSD alone.

Key words: nerve regeneration, cortical spreading depression, two-vein occlusion, adult neurogenesis, stem cells, cerebral cortex, neural precursor cells, neuron, penumbra, neural regeneration