中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (3): 619-628.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.380874

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

神经干细胞促进神经可塑性:阿尔茨海默病一种有前景的治疗策略

  

  • 出版日期:2024-03-15 发布日期:2023-09-02
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82074533)

Neural stem cells promote neuroplasticity: a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Jun Chang1, 2, Yujiao Li1, 2, Xiaoqian Shan1, 2, Xi Chen1, 2, Xuhe Yan1, 2, Jianwei Liu3, *, Lan Zhao1, 2, *   

  1. 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; 2National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China; 3Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
  • Online:2024-03-15 Published:2023-09-02
  • Contact: Lan Zhao, PhD, lanzhao69@163.com; Jianwei Liu, PhD, 13389915877@126.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82074533 (to LZ).

摘要:

最近有研究表明,神经可塑性,包含突触可塑性和神经发生,在整个生命周期中均存在,且随着年龄的增长而下降,并在阿尔茨海默病患者以及模型动物中显著受损。因此,促进神经可塑性可能是缓解阿尔茨海默病的有效策略。神经干细胞在逆转突触和神经元损伤、减少阿尔茨海默病病理变化,如淀粉样蛋白β、tau蛋白和神经炎症以及分泌神经营养因子和生长因子,促进突触可塑性和神经发生,修复阿尔茨海默病大脑微环境中的作用,故神经干细胞被认为是改善阿尔茨海默病及其他神经退行性疾病的潜在疗法。此次综述回顾了阿尔茨海默病神经可塑性受损的表现,总结了神经干细胞调节神经可塑性及其效果,并讨论了神经干细胞在临床实践中的现状和挑战,为神经干细胞治疗阿尔茨海默病临床转化提供理论依据。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7449-2947 (Lan Zhao); https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7120-2951 (Jianwei Liu); 

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7800-7286 (Jun Chang); https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4949-2942 (Yujiao Li); 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9473-0949 (Xiaoqian Shan); https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4179-0240 (Xi Chen); 
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3178-0463 (Xuhe Yan)

关键词:

阿尔茨海默病, 神经干细胞, 神经可塑性, 细胞疗法, 细胞外囊泡, 淀粉样蛋白β, tau蛋白

Abstract: Recent studies have demonstrated that neuroplasticity, such as synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis, exists throughout the normal lifespan but declines with age and is significantly impaired in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. Hence, promoting neuroplasticity may represent an effective strategy with which Alzheimer’s disease can be alleviated. Due to their significant ability to self-renew, differentiate, and migrate, neural stem cells play an essential role in reversing synaptic and neuronal damage, reducing the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease, including amyloid-β, tau protein, and neuroinflammation, and secreting neurotrophic factors and growth factors that are related to plasticity. These events can promote synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis to repair the microenvironment of the mammalian brain. Consequently, neural stem cells are considered to represent a potential regenerative therapy with which to improve Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss how neural stem cells regulate neuroplasticity and optimize their effects to enhance their potential for treating Alzheimer’s disease in the clinic.

Key words: Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid-β, cell therapy, extracellular vesicle, neural stem cell, synaptic plasticity, tau