中国神经再生研究(英文版)

中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (2): 421-432.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-00776

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 •    下一篇

星形胶质细胞的代谢重编程：乳酸的新作用

  

  • 出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2025-05-17

Metabolic reprogramming of astrocytes: Emerging roles of lactate

Zeyu Liu1 , Yijian Guo2 , Ying Zhang1 , Yulei Gao1, *, Bin Ning1, 2, *   

  1. 1 Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China;  2 Department of Spinal Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
  • Online:2026-02-15 Published:2025-05-17
  • Contact: Bin Ning, MD, bning@sdfmu.edu.cn; Yulei Gao, MD, gaoyulei202111@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 82071383, 82371392 (to BN); the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (Key Project), No. ZR2020KH007 (to BN); “Taishan Scholar Distinguished Expert Program” of Shandong Province, No. tstp20231257 (to BN); Health Commission Science and Technology Plan Project of Jinan, No.2023-1-8 (to YZ).

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摘要：

乳酸是中枢神经系统中的一种主要能量代谢产物，负责许多重要的大脑功能，包括充当能量来源、信号分子和表观遗传调节剂。此外，它还是表观遗传修饰和代谢重编程之间的桥梁。然而，这座 “桥梁 ”在星形胶质细胞中的确切机制和作用仍有待充分探索。文章综述了乳酸参与中枢神经系统星形胶质细胞代谢重编程的作用和具体机制。讨论了表观遗传修饰与代谢重编程之间的密切关系。还概述了针对中枢神经系统星形胶质细胞代谢重编程的治疗策略，为未来中枢神经系统疾病的研究提供参考。在神经系统中，乳酸是一种明星产物，发挥着不可或缺的作用。但它们在神经系统中作为代谢重编程与表观遗传学修饰的桥梁的作用机制有待深一步研究。而乳酸参与表观遗传学修饰是目前研究的热点，尤其是乳酸化修饰，乳酸是乳酸化修饰的重要决定因素，而乳酸又可间接调控其它多种表观遗传学修饰，如m6A修饰，乙酰化修饰，泛素化修饰及磷酸化修饰等，这些表观遗传学修饰与多种神经系统疾病息息相关。此外，探索乳酸临床相关应用与潜在治疗策略为将来神经系统疾病的治疗提供了新思路。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7592-9485 (Bin Ning)

关键词: 乳酸,  , 星形胶质细胞,  , 代谢,  , 再生,  , 炎症,  , 可塑性,  , 表观遗传修饰,  , 乳酸化,  , 治疗

Abstract: Lactate serves as a key energy metabolite in the central nervous system, facilitating essential brain functions, including energy supply, signaling, and epigenetic modulation. Moreover, it links epigenetic modifications with metabolic reprogramming. Nonetheless, the specific mechanisms and roles of this connection in astrocytes remain unclear. Therefore, this review aims to explore the role and specific mechanisms of lactate in the metabolic reprogramming of astrocytes in the central nervous system. The close relationship between epigenetic modifications and metabolic reprogramming was discussed. Therapeutic strategies for targeting metabolic reprogramming in astrocytes in the central nervous system were also outlined to guide future research in central nervous system diseases. In the nervous system, lactate plays an essential role. However, its mechanism of action as a bridge between metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications in the nervous system requires future investigation. The involvement of lactate in epigenetic modifications is currently a hot research topic, especially in lactylation modification, a key determinant in this process. Lactate also indirectly regulates various epigenetic modifications, such as N6-methyladenosine, acetylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation modifications, which are closely linked to several neurological disorders. In addition, exploring the clinical applications and potential therapeutic strategies of lactic acid provides new insights for future neurological disease treatments.

Key words: astrocyte,  , epigenetic modifications,  , inflammation,  , lactate,  , lactylation,  , metabolic,  , plasticity,  , regeneration,  , treatment