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Rho GTP酶家族在耳蜗毛细胞和感音神经性耳聋中的作用

Yu-Bei Dai, Xiang Gao, Dong Liu, Jie Gong

中国神经再生研究(英文版) 2023, 18 (10): 2167-2172. DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.369101

摘要（115）

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Rho GTPases是肌动蛋白细胞骨架的重要调节器。它们参与各种生理和生化过程，如调节细胞骨架的动态、发育、增殖、生存和再生。在耳蜗毛细胞的发育过程中，Rho GTPases通过膜受体被各种细胞外信号激活，并激发多种下游效应器发挥作用。具体来说RhoA，Cdc42和Rac1可以通过诱导肌动蛋白单体的聚合以及肌动蛋白丝的稳定来调控纤毛的发育和维持，以及作为细胞极性调控的重要元件来影响听觉毛细胞纤毛束的正常形态的定向，同时他们介导的肌动蛋白相关通路在外毛细胞运动过程中也发挥作用。总之Rho GTPases的功能在高度极性的听觉感官系统中至关重要。文章综述了Rho GTPase家族典型亚家族成员RhoA，Cdc42和Rac1在耳蜗毛细胞的表达以及这些小分子蛋白参与耳蜗毛细胞纤毛束的形态发生和外毛细胞运动的机制，并且总结了这些小分子作为感音神经性耳聋治疗的药物靶点的研究现状，从而为感音神经性耳聋的治疗启发了新的方向和思路。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2080-8862 (Jie Gong); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2764-6544 (Dong Liu)

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青光眼治疗的新解决方案：是否可以考虑使用牛磺酸？

Igor Iezhitsa, Renu Agarwal

中国神经再生研究(英文版) 2021, 16 (5): 967-971. DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.297059

摘要（144）

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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2852-8486 (Igor Iezhitsa)

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运动性颅神经损伤的动子素再生和重建现状

Yanjun Xie , Kevin J. Schneider , Syed A. Ali , Norman D. Hogikyan , Eva L. Feldman , Michael J. Brenner

中国神经再生研究(英文版) 2020, 15 (9): 1639-1649. DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.276325

摘要（61）

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orcid: 0000-0003-4926-0957 (Michael J. Brenner)

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改善嗅觉神经元再生的因素

Kate Beecher, James A. St John, Fatemeh Chehrehasa

中国神经再生研究(英文版) 2018, 13 (7): 1151-1155. DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.235018

摘要（94）

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orcid:0000-0002-3702-9179(Fatemeh Chehrehasa)

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改善神经损伤平衡功能障碍的虚拟现实技术

Yurong Mao, Peiming Chen, Le Li, Dongfeng Huang

中国神经再生研究(英文版) 2014, 9 (17): 1628-1634. DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.141795

摘要（163）

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虚拟现实技术是利用电脑模拟产生一个三维空间的虚拟世界，提供使用者关于视觉、听觉、触觉等感官的模拟，让使用者可及时、没有限制地观察三度空间内的事物。目前被应用于平衡功能障碍的康复治疗当中。文章综述分析了相关文献后发现，许多研究显示虚拟现实运动训练可以有效改善神经受损疾病后的平衡功能障碍。当患者进行虚拟现实运动训练时，大脑的前额叶区、顶叶区以及一系列的运动皮质网络都被激活，这些激活区可能与大脑皮质内神经元细胞的重构有关。另有大量的临床试验针对脑卒中，脊髓损伤和脑瘫等神经功能受损疾病患者，利用虚拟现实运动训练对其进行治疗后神经功能均有不同程度的改善。虚拟现实技术训练可以通过激活患者大脑皮质相应区域而改善空间定向能力，以利于神经中枢更好地控制身体平衡，并提高患者的运动功能。

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雄性激素可以通过保存海马神经再生维持老年男性心理健康吗？

Mark I Ransome

中国神经再生研究(英文版) 2012, 7 (28): 2227-2239.

摘要（281）

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Interest surrounds the role of sex-hormones in regulating brain function outside of reproductive behaviour. Declining androgen production in aging males has been associated with cognitive impairment, depression and increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Indication for testosterone replacement therapy is based on biochemically determined low circulating testosterone combined with manifest symptoms. However, which aspects of age-related cognitive decline are attributable to low circulating testosterone remain ambiguous. Studies examining cognition in aging men receiving testosterone replacement therapy have yielded equivocal results. The exact role of testosterone in maintaining cognitive function and the underlying neural mechanisms are largely unknown, though it would appear to be domain specific. Clarity in this area will provide clinical direction toward addressing an increasing healthcare burden of mental health decline coincident with increasing longevity. The premise that androgens contribute to maintaining aspects of mental health in aging men by preserving hippocampal neurogenesis will be used as a forum in this review to discuss current knowledge and the need for further studies to better define testosterone replacement strategies for aging male health.

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Neurogenesis within the adult hippocampus under physiological conditions and in depression

Martin Dokter, Oliver von Bohlen und Halbach

中国神经再生研究(英文版) 2012, 7 (7): 552-559.

摘要（442）

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Adult neurogenesis can only be observed in some specific brain regions. One of these areas is the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation. The progenitor cells located in the subgranular layer of the dentate gyrus proliferate, differentiate, and give rise to young neurons that can become integrated into existing neuronal circuits. Under physiological conditions, hippocampal neurogenesis is linked to hippocampal-dependent learning, whereas deficits in adult hippocampal neurogenesis have been shown to correlate with disturbances in spatial learning and memory. This review summarizes the phenomenon of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and the use of suitable markers for the investigation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In addition, we focused on the disturbances in neurogenesis that can be seen in depression. Interestingly, several antidepressants have been found to be capable of increasing the rate of hippocampal neurogenesis. Based on that, it can be speculated that factors, which directly or indirectly increase the rate of hippocampal neurogenesis, may be helpful in the treatment of depression.

综述:颅神经损伤修复保护与再生 栏目所有文章列表

综述:颅神经损伤修复保护与再生栏目所有文章列表