中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2014, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (17): 1628-1634.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.141795

• 综述:颅神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

改善神经损伤平衡功能障碍的虚拟现实技术

  

  • 收稿日期:2014-07-09 出版日期:2014-09-16 发布日期:2014-09-16
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(30973165, 81372108)

Virtual reality training improves balance function

Yurong Mao, Peiming Chen, Le Li, Dongfeng Huang   

  1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2014-07-09 Online:2014-09-16 Published:2014-09-16
  • Contact: Dongfeng Huang, M.D., Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-senUniversity, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China, huangdf@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30973165 and 81372108; Guangdong Province College Students Innovative Research Projects in 2013.

摘要:

虚拟现实技术是利用电脑模拟产生一个三维空间的虚拟世界,提供使用者关于视觉、听觉、触觉等感官的模拟,让使用者可及时、没有限制地观察三度空间内的事物。目前被应用于平衡功能障碍的康复治疗当中。文章综述分析了相关文献后发现,许多研究显示虚拟现实运动训练可以有效改善神经受损疾病后的平衡功能障碍。当患者进行虚拟现实运动训练时,大脑的前额叶区、顶叶区以及一系列的运动皮质网络都被激活,这些激活区可能与大脑皮质内神经元细胞的重构有关。另有大量的临床试验针对脑卒中,脊髓损伤和脑瘫等神经功能受损疾病患者,利用虚拟现实运动训练对其进行治疗后神经功能均有不同程度的改善。虚拟现实技术训练可以通过激活患者大脑皮质相应区域而改善空间定向能力,以利于神经中枢更好地控制身体平衡,并提高患者的运动功能。

关键词: 神经再生, 脑损伤, 脊髓损伤, 脑卒中, 虚拟现实, 平衡功能障碍, 机制, 感觉运动功能, 神经可塑性, 视觉, 前庭, 本体感觉, 感觉, 平衡, 综述, 康复训练, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

Virtual reality is a new technology that simulates a three-dimensional virtual world on a computer and enables the generation of visual, audio, and haptic feedback for the full immersion of users. Users can interact with and observe objects in three-dimensional visual space without limitation. At present, virtual reality training has been widely used in rehabilitation therapy for balance dysfunction. This paper summarizes related articles and other articles suggesting that virtual reality training can improve balance dysfunction in patients after neurological diseases. When patients perform virtual reality training, the prefrontal, parietal cortical areas and other motor cortical networks are activated. These activations may be involved in the reconstruction of neurons in the cerebral cortex. Growing evidence from clinical studies reveals that virtual reality training improves the neurological function of patients with spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy and other neurological impairments. These findings suggest that virtual reality training can activate the cerebral cortex and improve the spatial orientation capacity of patients, thus facilitating the cortex to control balance and increase motion function.

Key words: nerve regeneration, brain injury, spinal cord injury, stroke, virtual reality, balance dysfunction, mechanism, sensorimotor function, neural plasticity, vision, vestibule, proprioception, somatosensory, balance, reviews, rehabilitation, NSFC grant, neural regeneration