中国神经再生研究(英文版)

中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2017, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (12): 2106-2112.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.221171

• 综述:周围神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    

修复周围神经损伤过程中神经干细胞的角色

  

  • 收稿日期:2017-10-09 出版日期:2017-12-15 发布日期:2017-12-15
  • 基金资助:

    清华大学倡议科学研究项目（2014081266，20131089382）；国家自然科学基金（61171002，60372023）

Roles of neural stem cells in the repair of peripheral nerve injury.

Chong Wang1, 2, 3, Chang-feng Lu2, 3, Jiang Peng2, 3, 4, 5, Cheng-dong Hu1, Yu Wang2, 3, 4, 5   

  1. 1 Central Hospital of Handan, Handan, Hebei Province, China
    2 Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
    3 Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
    4 Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Beijing, China
    5 Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
  • Received:2017-10-09 Online:2017-12-15 Published:2017-12-15
  • Contact: Yu Wang, M.D. or Cheng-dong Hu,wangwangdian628@126.com or hcd111111@163.com.
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the Major State Basic Research and Development Program of China (973 Program), No. 2014CB542201;the National Key Research and Development Program of China, No. 2016YFC1101601, 2017YFA0104702; the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing of China, No. 7172202; a grant from the 13th Five-Year Plan Period of People’s Liberation Army of China, No. BWS13C029-5; a grant from the Science and Technology Project of Beijing of China, No. Z161100005016059.

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摘要：

目前已有研究者利用神经干细胞移植促进周围神经损伤再生，说明神经干细胞在损伤周围神经修复中具有重要作用。文章综述了近年来神经干细胞在周围神经损伤修复中作用的相关研究进展，神经干细胞除了可分化为神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞外，还可分化为许旺样细胞，促进损伤周围神经轴突生长；移植后的神经干细胞可分化成运动神经元支配肌肉活动并促进神经功能恢复；在周围神经损伤修复过程中，神经干细胞可分泌多种神经营养因子促进损伤周围神经的修复，包括脑源性神经营养因子、成纤维细胞生长因子、神经生长因子、胰岛素样生长因子及肝细胞生长因子等；此外，神经干细胞还具有促进髓鞘的轴突再生，促进血管形成和免疫调节的作用；由此可见，神经干细胞可通过多种途径促进周围神经损伤的修复。

orcid:0000-0001-7811-5834(Yu Wang)
0000-0002-7568-1002(Cheng-dong Hu)

关键词: 神经干细胞, 周围神经, 再生, 许旺细胞, 神经元, 营养因子, 神经保护, 轴突, 血管形成, 免疫调节

Abstract:

Currently, researchers are using neural stem cell transplantation to promote regeneration after peripheral nerve injury, as neural stem cells play an important role in peripheral nerve injury repair. This article reviews recent research progress of the role of neural stem cells in the repair of peripheral nerve injury.Neural stem cells can not only differentiate into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, but can also differentiate into Schwann-like cells, which promote neurite outgrowth around the injury. Transplanted neural stem cells can differentiate into motor neurons that innervate muscles and promote the recovery of neurological function. To promote the repair of peripheral nerve injury, neural stem cells secrete various neurotrophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor, fibroblast growth factor, nerve growth factor, insulin-like growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor. In addition, neural stem cells also promote regeneration of the axonal myelin sheath, angiogenesis, and immune regulation. It can be concluded that neural stem cells promote the repair of peripheral nerve injury through a variety of ways.

Key words: nerve regeneration, neural stem cells, peripheral nerve, regeneration, Schwann-like cells, neurons, neurotrophic factors, neuroprotection, axons, angiogenesis, immune regulation, neural regeneration