中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2018, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (1): 100-104.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.224378

• 原著:周围神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

骨髓和脂肪间充质干细胞修复周围神经缺损的效果比较

  

  • 收稿日期:2017-11-16 出版日期:2018-01-15 发布日期:2018-01-15
  • 基金资助:

    巴西FAPESP,CNPq和CAPES基金

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells versus adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for peripheral nerve regeneration.

Marcela Fernandes1, Sandra Gomes Valente1, Rodrigo Guerra Sabongi1, João Baptista Gomes dos Santos1, Vilnei Mattioli Leite1,Henning Ulrich2, Arthur Andrade Nery2, Maria José da Silva Fernandes3   

  1. 1 Division of Hand and Upper Limb Surgery, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
    2 Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
    3 Division of Neurosciences, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • Received:2017-11-16 Online:2018-01-15 Published:2018-01-15
  • Contact: Marcela Fernandes, M.D.,Ph.D. or Maria Jose da Silva Fernandes,marcelafernandes@me.com or fernandes.nexp@epm.br.
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by Brazilian grants from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), and CAPES.

摘要:

 研究证实,骨髓间充质干细胞可用多种神经系统疾病的治疗。然而,分离骨髓间充质干细胞的过程是具有侵入性和痛苦的,且产量很低。因此,有必要寻找其他来源的干细胞用于移植治疗。具有类似于骨髓间充质干细胞的表型和基因表达谱的脂肪间充质干细胞进入了研究者的视野,脂肪组织中脂肪间充质干细胞的产量超过骨髓来源间充质干细胞,且增殖速度比骨髓间充质干细胞高。因此,为比较复合2×106个骨髓间充质干细胞或脂肪间充质干细胞的静脉移植物修复坐骨神经缺损的作用,实验将大鼠随机分为4组:假手术组,以复合包含脂肪间充质干细胞或骨髓间充质干细胞的人工基底膜或人工基底膜的颈静脉移植物修复8 mm坐骨神经缺损(人工基底膜为细胞移植介质)。计算坐骨神经功能指数,以评估坐骨神经功能,以甲苯胺蓝染色观察病变远端神经的形态学特征,以荧光金逆行示踪剂染色对脊髓运动神经元进行定量评估。与假手术组比较,坐骨神经损伤大鼠坐骨神经功能指数评分均低于假手术组,小直径纤维密度显着增加,运动神经元数量明显减少。脂肪间充质干细胞和骨髓间充质干细胞在改善坐骨神经缺损大鼠坐骨神经功能和病变远端坐骨神经中神经纤维密度、直径,轴突直径,髓鞘厚度,G值方面作用不明显。脂肪间充质干细胞和骨髓间充质干细胞移植组大鼠脊髓运动神经元数量相近,且与人工基底膜组比较,差异不明显。表明当以人工基底膜作为介质的骨髓间充质干细胞或脂肪间充质干细胞移植修复周围神经缺损效果相近,均未到满意效果。

orcid:0000-0001-6559-3052(Maria Jose da Silva Fernandes)
0000-0003-1646-6764(Marcela Fernandes)

关键词: 神经再生, 间充质干细胞, 脂肪干细胞, 坐骨神经, 干细胞, 人工基底膜, 坐骨神经功能指数

Abstract:

Studies have confirmed that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used for treatment of several nervous system diseases. However, isolation of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) is an invasive and painful process and the yield is very low. Therefore, there is a need to search for other alterative stem cell sources. Adipose-derived MSCs (ADSCs) have phenotypic and gene expression profiles similar to those of BMSCs. The production of ADSCs is greater than that of BMSCs, and ADSCs proliferate faster than BMSCs. To compare the effects of venous grafts containing BMSCs or ADSCs on sciatic nerve injury, in this study, rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham (only sciatic nerve exposed), Matrigel (MG; sciatic nerve injury + intravenous transplantation of MG vehicle), ADSCs (sciatic nerve injury + intravenous MG containing ADSCs), and BMSCs (sciatic nerve injury + intravenous MG containing BMSCs) groups. Sciatic functional index was calculated to evaluate the function of injured sciatic nerve. Morphologic characteristics of nerves distal to the lesion were observed by toluidine blue staining. Spinal motor neurons labeled with Fluoro-Gold were quantitatively assessed. Compared with sham-operated rats, sciatic functional index was lower, the density of small-diameter fibers was significantly increased, and the number of motor neurons significantly decreased in rats with sciatic nerve injury. Neither ADSCs nor BMSCs significantly improved the sciatic nerve function of rats with sciatic nerve injury,increased fiber density, fiber diameters, axonal diameters, myelin sheath thickness, and G ratios (axonal diameter/fiber diameter ratios) in the sciatic nerve distal to the lesion site. There was no significant difference in the number of spinal motor neurons among ADSCs, BMSCs and MG groups. These results suggest that neither BMSCs nor ADSCs provide satisfactory results for peripheral nerve repair when using MG as the conductor for engraftment.

Key words: nerve regeneration, mesenchymal stem cells, adipose-derived mesenchmal stem cells, sciatic nerve, Matrigel, sciatic functional index, neural regeneration