中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2018, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4): 692-698.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.230297

• 原著:周围神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

乙酰左旋肉碱对慢性压迫性损伤坐骨神经轴突和髓鞘的修复

  

  • 收稿日期:2018-01-19 出版日期:2018-04-15 发布日期:2018-04-15

Treatment with acetyl-L-carnitine exerts a neuroprotective effect in the sciatic nerve following loose ligation: a functional and microanatomical study

Daniele Tomassoni1, Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli2, Vincenzo Bramanti3, Carla Ghelardini2, Francesco Amenta4, Alessandra Pacini5   

  1. 1 School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
    2 Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Neurofarba - Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, Firenze, Italy
    3 Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, Catania, Italy
    4 Section of Human Anatomy, School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9,Camerino, Italy
    5 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine - DMSC - Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
  • Received:2018-01-19 Online:2018-04-15 Published:2018-04-15
  • Contact: Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli,Ph.D.,lorenzo.mannelli@unifi.it

摘要:

神经轴突和髓鞘退变是周围神经病变的显微解剖学特征。为探讨有神经保护作用的乙酰基左旋肉碱(ALCAR)是否对松散结扎损伤坐骨神经有保护作用和能够促进受损的轴突和髓鞘修复,实验以松解结扎的方式建立坐骨神经慢性压迫性损伤大鼠模型,然后灌胃乙酰基左旋肉碱(ALCAR)(100mg/kg)或广泛用于治疗神经病疼痛的抗惊厥药加巴喷丁 (70mg/kg;阳性对照药物)。给药结束后,以爪压测试和Hargreaves辐射加热方法对大鼠痛觉效应进行评估,应用Osmic酸染色和免疫组化染色对结扎神经远端区域的形态学进行观察。在受损神经远端区域观察到轴突损伤,髓鞘沉积减少和炎症细胞积聚,同时观察到磷酸化的200-kDa神经丝和髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)免疫反应的明显减弱。乙酰基左旋肉碱和加巴喷丁干预14d后,疼痛明显缓解。乙酰基左旋肉碱,而不是加巴喷丁,在一定程度上抑制了损伤神经轴突和髓鞘厚度的减少,增强轴突神经丝和髓鞘碱性蛋白免疫反应。这些结果表明,乙酰基左旋肉碱和加巴喷丁在减轻周围神经病变后疼痛方面作用明显,且乙酰基左旋肉碱对受损轴突和髓鞘的修复更为明显。

orcid:0000-0001-8374-4432(Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli)

 

关键词: 周围神经, 慢性压迫性损伤, 神经修复, 形态学, 神经丝, 髓磷脂碱性蛋白, 神经再生

Abstract:

Peripheral neuropathies are chronic painful syndromes characterized by allodynia, hyperalgesia and altered nerve functionality. Nerve tissue degeneration represents the microanatomical correlate of peripheral neuropathies. Aimed to improve the therapeutic possibilities, this study investigated the hypersensitivity and the neuromorphological alterations related to the loose ligation of the sciatic nerve in rats. Effects elicited by treatment with acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) in comparison to gabapentin were assessed. Axonal injury, reduction of myelin deposition and accumulation of inflammatory cells were detected in damaged nerve. A decrease of phosphorylated 200-kDa neurofilament (NFP) immunoreactivity and a redistribution in small clusters of myelin basic like-protein (MBP) were observed in ipsilateral nerves. Treatment with ALCAR (100 mg/kg intraperitoneally - i.p.) and gabapentin (70 mg/kg i.p.) administered bis in die for 14 days induced a significant pain relieving effect. ALCAR, but not gabapentin, significantly countered neuromorphological changes and increased axonal NFP immunoreactivity. These findings indicate that both ALCAR and gabapentin significantly decreased the hypersensitivity related to neuropathic lesions. The observation of the positive ALCAR effect on axonal and myelin sheath alterations in damaged nerve supports its use as neurorestorative agent against neuropathies through mechanism(s) consistent to those focused in this study.

Key words: peripheral nerve, chronic constriction injury, neurorestoration, morphology, neurofilament, myelin basic protein, neural regeneration