中国神经再生研究(英文版)

中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2019, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (1): 124-131.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.243717

• 原著:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

嗅鞘细胞能促进损伤面神经的再生及功能恢复

  

  • 出版日期:2019-01-15 发布日期:2019-01-15
  • 基金资助:

    军事医学基金项目（BWS11J035）；浦东新区卫计委学科建设计划（PWZxq2017-09）

Olfactory ensheathing cells promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery after facial nerve defects

Jian Gu1, He Xu2, Ya-Ping Xu2, Huan-Hai Liu2, Jun-Tian Lang2, Xiao-Ping Chen3, Wei-Hua Xu3, Yue Deng2, Jing-Ping Fan2   

  1. 1 Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
    2 Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
    3 Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
  • Online:2019-01-15 Published:2019-01-15
  • Contact: Yue Deng, MD, txie1771022@sina.com; Jing-Ping Fan, fanjingping160103@163.com.
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the Foundation for Military Medicine, China, No. BWS11J035 (to JPF); the Key Disciplines Group Construction Project of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai of China, No. PWZxq2017-09 (to XPC and JPF).

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摘要：

从嗅球和嗅黏膜分离的嗅鞘细胞能够促进大鼠面神经横断损伤后轴突发芽和定向延伸及触须运动功能的恢复，但嗅鞘细胞对面神经缺损是否也有治疗效果，目前尚不明确。实验首先将由胶原海绵和硅胶管构建的神经导管联合植入成年大鼠面神经上颊支6mm缺损中，然后将从新生SD大鼠嗅球中分离嗅鞘细胞注射到连接破裂神经末端的神经导管中，并与未进行修复的大鼠进行比较。以面瘫测试评估面神经麻痹的情况，以电生理仪记录面神经诱发神经动作电位的变化，以裸眼及解剖显微镜观察移植神经导管周围的组织形态以及再生神经的大体形态，以荧光金示踪检测再生神经的生长情况，以苏木精-伊红染色观察再生神经形态变化，以甲苯胺蓝染色检测有髓神经纤维的数量，以乙酸铅铀酰染色观察神经纤维的直径和髓鞘厚度。结果显示，经嗅鞘细胞移植治疗后，面神经缺损大鼠面神经麻痹情况明显改善，神经肌肉动作电位有所恢复，再生神经大体形态与原神经接近，再生的阳性神经细胞数量增加，神经纤维形态明显改善，有髓神经纤维的数量增加，再生神经纤维的直径和髓鞘厚度明显增加。说明植入的嗅鞘细胞可促进大鼠面神经缺损后的再生及其功能的恢复。

orcid: 0000-0003-2725-4994(Yue Deng)

关键词: 面神经缺损, 嗅鞘细胞, 神经纤维, 髓鞘形成, 神经元, 神经肌肉动作电位, 面神经运动核, 神经再生

Abstract:

Olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa have been found to increase axonal sprouting and pathfinding and promote the recovery of vibrissae motor performance in facial nerve transection injured rats. However, it is not yet clear whether olfactory ensheathing cells promote the reparation of facial nerve defects in rats. In this study, a collagen sponge and silicone tube neural conduit was implanted into the 6-mm defect of the buccal branch of the facial nerve in adult rats. Olfactory ensheathing cells isolated from the olfactory bulb of newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were injected into the neural conduits connecting the ends of the broken nerves, the morphology and function of the regenerated nerves were compared between the rats implanted with olfactory ensheathing cells with the rats injected with saline. Facial paralysis was assessed. Nerve electrography was used to measure facial nerve-induced action potentials. Visual inspection, anatomical microscopy and hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to assess the histomorphology around the trans¬planted neural conduit and the morphology of the regenerated nerve. Using fluorogold retrograde tracing, toluidine blue staining and lead uranyl acetate staining, we also measured the number of neurons in the anterior exterior lateral facial nerve motor nucleus, the number of myelinated nerve fibers, and nerve fiber diameter and myelin sheath thickness, respectively. After surgery, olfactory ensheathing cells de¬creased facial paralysis and the latency of the facial nerve-induced action potentials. There were no differences in the general morphology of the regenerating nerves between the rats implanted with olfactory ensheathing cells and the rats injected with saline. Between-group results showed that olfactory ensheathing cell treatment increased the number of regenerated neurons, improved nerve fiber morphology, and increased the number of myelinated nerve fibers, nerve fiber diameter, and myelin sheath thickness. In conclusion, implantation of olfactory ensheathing cells can promote regeneration and functional recovery after facial nerve damage in rats.

Key words: nerve regeneration, facial nerve defects, olfactory ensheathing cells, nerve fibers, myelination, neurons, nerve muscle action potentials, facial nerve motor nucleus, neural regeneration