中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (4): 754-768.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.382222

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

认知障碍性疾病中线粒体稳态的最新评估方法

  

  • 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2023-09-15

Latest assessment methods for mitochondrial homeostasis in cognitive diseases

Wei You1, 2, #, Yue Li1, #, Kaixi Liu1, Xinning Mi1, Yitong Li1, Xiangyang Guo1, 3, 4, *, Zhengqian Li1, 3, 4, *   

  1. 1Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; 2Peking University Third Clinical Medical College, Beijing, China; 3Beijing Center of Quality Control and Improvement on Clinical Anesthesia, Beijing, China; 4Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care (CPAM), Beijing, China
  • Online:2024-04-15 Published:2023-09-15
  • Contact: Zhengqian Li, MD, PhD, zhengqianli@hsc.pku.edu.cn; Xiangyang Guo, MD, puthmzk@hsc.pku.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 82271222 (to ZL), 81971012 (to ZL), 82071189 (to XG), and 82201335 (to YL) and Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital, No. BYSYZD2019027 (to ZL).

摘要:

线粒体在神经功能中发挥着重要作用,如支持正常的能量代谢,调节活性氧,缓冲生理钙负荷,并可通过线粒体动力学维持细胞形态、亚细胞分布和整体平衡。随着线粒体结构和功能评估技术的进步,线粒体功能障碍已被认为是阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病、轻度认知障碍、术后认知功能障碍等认知障碍性疾病的早期且重要的病理生理机制。此次综述从能量代谢、氧化应激、钙稳态、线粒体动力学(包括裂变融合、转运和线粒体自噬)等角度,从线粒体功能障碍在认知障碍性疾病领域的最新进展。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5694-2174 (Xiangyang Guo); https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6758-0685 (Zhengqian Li)

关键词: 认知障碍, 线粒体功能障碍, 线粒体能量代谢, 线粒体动力学, 线粒体运输, 线粒体自噬, 线粒体生物发生, 氧化应激, 钙稳态

Abstract: Mitochondria play an essential role in neural function, such as supporting normal energy metabolism, regulating reactive oxygen species, buffering physiological calcium loads, and maintaining the balance of morphology, subcellular distribution, and overall health through mitochondrial dynamics. Given the recent technological advances in the assessment of mitochondrial structure and functions, mitochondrial dysfunction has been regarded as the early and key pathophysiological mechanism of cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction. This review will focus on the recent advances in mitochondrial medicine and research methodology in the field of cognitive sciences, from the perspectives of energy metabolism, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial dynamics (including fission-fusion, transport, and mitophagy).

Key words: cognitive disorders, mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial energy metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial transport, mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis