中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (7): 1618-1624.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.387973

• 原著:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    

褪黑素可改善孤独症谱系障碍中树突棘的异常发育

  

  • 出版日期:2024-07-15 发布日期:2023-11-28
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0065)

Melatonin improves synapse development by PI3K/Akt signaling in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder

Luyi Wang1, #, Man Xu1, 2, #, Yan Wang1, Feifei Wang1, Jing Deng1, 3, Xiaoya Wang1, 4, Yu Zhao1, Ailing Liao1, 5, Feng Yang6, 7, Shali Wang1, *, Yingbo Li1, *#br#   

  1. 1Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; 2Department of Pediatric, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, China; 3Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China; 4Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China; 5NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing, China; 6China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; 7Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
  • Online:2024-07-15 Published:2023-11-28
  • Contact: Yingbo Li, PhD, liyingbo@cqmu.edu.cn; Shali Wang, cqykdxwangshali@cqmu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Chongqing Science and Technology Committee, Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, No. cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0065 (to YL).

摘要:

孤独症谱系障碍是一组与1100多种基因相关的神经发育障碍疾病,其中Ctnnd2是候选基因之一。Ctnnd2基因敲除小鼠是一种孤独症动物模型,其树突棘密度明显下降。褪黑素作为一种能够有效改善社交障碍,并调节树突棘发育的神经激素,其在Ctnnd2缺失诱导的神经损伤中的作用尚不清楚。实验发现,Ctnnd2基因敲除小鼠出现社交行为障碍、前额叶皮质中树突棘丢失、抑制性神经元受损以及磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)信号通路抑制的现象。而褪黑素灌胃连续28d可有效改善Ctnnd2基因敲除小鼠的上述异常。此外,褪黑素前额叶皮质注射可改善Ctnnd2基因敲除小鼠的局部输注改善前额叶皮质中突触功能,并激活PI3K/Akt信号通路。而以药理学阻断PI3K/Avt信号通路(渥曼青霉素)和褪黑素受体(luzindole和4p-p-Dot)均可特异性地抑制褪黑素改善的γ-氨基丁酸能突触功能。因此研究表明,褪黑素可通过激活PI3K/Akt信号通路改善γ-氨基丁酸能突触功能,进而改善孤独症谱系障碍中树突棘的异常发育。

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8733-707X (Yingbo Li); https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1509-0107 (Shali Wang)

关键词: 褪黑素, Ctnnd2, 基因敲除, 孤独症, 社会行为, 前额叶皮质, 树突棘, 突触相关蛋白, γ-氨基丁酸, PI3K, Akt

Abstract: Autism spectrum disorders are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders involving more than 1100 genes, including Ctnnd2 as a candidate gene. Ctnnd2 knockout mice, serving as an animal model of autism, have been demonstrated to exhibit decreased density of dendritic spines. The role of melatonin, as a neurohormone capable of effectively alleviating social interaction deficits and regulating the development of dendritic spines, in Ctnnd2 deletion-induced nerve injury remains unclear. In the present study, we discovered that the deletion of exon 2 of the Ctnnd2 gene was linked to social interaction deficits, spine loss, impaired inhibitory neurons, and suppressed phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signal pathway in the prefrontal cortex. Our findings demonstrated that the long-term oral administration of melatonin for 28 days effectively alleviated the aforementioned abnormalities in Ctnnd2 gene-knockout mice. Furthermore, the administration of melatonin in the prefrontal cortex was found to improve synaptic function and activate the PI3K/Akt signal pathway in this region. The pharmacological blockade of the PI3K/Akt signal pathway with a PI3K/Akt inhibitor, wortmannin, and melatonin receptor antagonists, luzindole and 4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetralin, prevented the melatonin-induced enhancement of GABAergic synaptic function. These findings suggest that melatonin treatment can ameliorate GABAergic synaptic function by activating the PI3K/Akt signal pathway, which may contribute to the improvement of dendritic spine abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders.

Key words: autism, Ctnnd2 deletion, GABAergic neurons, melatonin, PI3K/Akt signal pathway, prefrontal cortex, social behavior, spine density, synaptic-associated proteins