中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (1): 281-295.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-00592

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

帕金森病认知功能障碍的潜在生物流体标志物

  

  • 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2025-04-21
  • 基金资助:
    云南省应用基础研究基金(202301AS070045, 202101AY070001-115)和国家自然科学基金(81960242)

Potential biofluid markers for cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease

Jieyu Chen, Chunyu Liang, Fang Wang, Yongyun Zhu, Liuhui Zhu, Jianzhun Chen, Bin Liu, Xinglong Yang*   

  1. Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
  • Online:2026-01-15 Published:2025-04-21
  • Contact: Xinglong Yang, MD, yxldoc11@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by Applied Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan Province, Nos. 202301AS070045, 202101AY070001-115 (to XY and BL); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81960242 (to XY).

摘要:

认知功能障碍是帕金森病的一种特别严重的非运动症状,会明显降低患者的生活质量。确定帕金森病认知功能障碍的可靠生物标志物对于早期诊断、预后和开发靶向疗法至关重要。此综述旨在总结帕金森病认知功能障碍生物流体生物标志物的最新进展,重点关注血液、脑脊液和唾液中特定蛋白质、代谢物和其他生物标志物的检测。这些生物标志物揭示了帕金森病认知功能障碍的多方面病因,包括蛋白质错误折叠、神经变性、炎症和氧化应激。将生物流体生物标记物与神经影像学和临床数据相结合,有助于开发预测模型,从而加强早期诊断和监测帕金森病患者的认知进展。这种综合方法不仅能加深我们对认知功能衰退驱动机制的理解,还能支持开发旨在改变帕金森病认知功能障碍病程的靶向治疗策略。尽管这些生物标志物有望揭示帕金森病认知功能衰退的潜在机制,但仍有必要开展进一步的研究,以验证它们的临床实用性,并建立一个早期检测和监测帕金森病认知功能损害的标准化框架。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5801-5211 (Xinglong Yang)

关键词: 淀粉样β蛋白, 生物标志物, 认知障碍, 痴呆, 代谢组学, 神经变性, 神经炎症, 帕金森病, 蛋白质组学, tau, α-突触核蛋白

Abstract: Cognitive impairment is a particularly severe non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease that significantly diminishes the quality of life of affected individuals. Identifying reliable biomarkers for cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease is essential for early diagnosis, prognostic assessments, and the development of targeted therapies. This review aims to summarize recent advancements in biofluid biomarkers for cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease, focusing on the detection of specific proteins, metabolites, and other biomarkers in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva. These biomarkers can shed light on the multifaceted etiology of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease, which includes protein misfolding, neurodegeneration, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The integration of biofluid biomarkers with neuroimaging and clinical data can facilitate the development of predictive models to enhance early diagnosis and monitor the progression of cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease. This comprehensive approach can improve the existing understanding of the mechanisms driving cognitive decline and support the development of targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at modifying the course of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease. Despite the promise of these biomarkers in characterizing the mechanisms underlying cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease, further research is necessary to validate their clinical utility and establish a standardized framework for early detection and monitoring of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease.

Key words: amyloid-β, biomarkers, cognitive impairment, dementia, metabolomics, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, Parkinson’s disease, proteomics, tau, α-synuclein