中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (11): 2400-2410.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.391311

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

NLRP3/1介导细胞焦亡:阿尔茨海默病治疗策略中更有益的线索

  

  • 出版日期:2024-11-15 发布日期:2024-03-29
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ22H090003,LTGY23C090001,LY23H020008),嘉兴市科技计划项目(2021AY30001和 2022AY30020)

NLRP3/1-mediated pyroptosis: beneficial clues for the development of novel therapies for Alzheimer’s disease

Bo Hu1, Jiaping Zhang2, Jie Huang2, Bairu Luo3, Xiansi Zeng2, Jinjing Jia2, *   

  1. 1Department of Pathology and Municipal Key-Innovative Discipline of Molecular Diagnostics, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, China; 2Research Center of Neuroscience, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, China; 3Department of Clinical Pathology, Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, China
  • Online:2024-11-15 Published:2024-03-29
  • Contact: Jinjing Jia, PhD, jiajinjing1986@126.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China, Nos. LQ22H090003 (to JJ), LTGY23C090001 (to XZ), LY23H020008 (to BH) and Sci-Tech Planning Project of Jiaxing, Nos. 2021AY30001 (to XZ) and 2022AY30020 (to JJ).

摘要:

炎症小体是一种参与先天免疫的多蛋白复合物,可介导炎症反应,最终导致细胞焦亡。细胞焦亡就是一种溶解细胞死亡的炎症形式。越来越多的研究表明,大脑中NLRP3炎症小体介导的小胶质细胞焦亡和NLRP1炎症小体介介导的神经元焦亡与阿尔茨海默病的发生密切相关。此次综述总结了阿尔茨海默病的潜在发病机制,并提出了神经炎症在其中的重要性,还总结了NLRP3和NLRP1的结构以及两者激活在阿尔茨海默病中的作用。此外还关注多种小分子抑制剂、内源性抑制剂蛋白、微小RNA和天然活性成分通过抑制NLRP3或NLRP1对阿尔茨海默病发挥的神经保护作用。文章提出抑制NLRP3和NLRP1炎症小体介导的细胞焦亡可能为建立阿尔茨海默病的新治疗策略提供更有益的线索。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0034-3199 (Jinjing Jia)

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病, 神经炎症, NLRP3, NLRP1, 焦亡, 炎症小体, caspase-1, GSDMD, 治疗

Abstract: The inflammasome is a multiprotein complex involved in innate immunity that mediates the inflammatory response leading to pyroptosis, which is a lytic, inflammatory form of cell death. There is accumulating evidence that nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated microglial pyroptosis and NLRP1 inflammasome-mediated neuronal pyroptosis in the brain are closely associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. In this review, we summarize the possible pathogenic mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease, focusing on neuroinflammation. We also describe the structures of NLRP3 and NLRP1 and the role their activation plays in Alzheimer’s disease. Finally, we examine the neuroprotective activity of small-molecule inhibitors, endogenous inhibitor proteins, microRNAs, and natural bioactive molecules that target NLRP3 and NLRP1, based on the rationale that inhibiting NLRP3 and NLRP1 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis can be an effective therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer’s disease.

Key words: Alzheimer’s disease, caspase-1, GSDMD, inflammasome, neuroinflammation, NLRP1, NLRP3, pyroptosis, therapeutic strategies