中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (6): 1241-1248.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.385845

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

响应衰老和神经炎症的小胶质细胞对神经退行性疾病的影响 

  

  • 出版日期:2024-06-15 发布日期:2023-11-17
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32161143021和81271410);河南省自然科学基金项目(编号:182300410313)

Microglial response to aging and neuroinflammation in the development of neurodegenerative diseases

Tingting Han1, #, Yuxiang Xu1, #, Lin Sun1, 2, Makoto Hashimoto3, Jianshe Wei1, *   

  1. 1Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China; 2College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China; 3Department of Basic Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Online:2024-06-15 Published:2023-11-17
  • Contact: Jianshe Wei, MD, PhD, jswei@henu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported partly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 32161143021 and 81271410; and the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province of China, No. 182300410313 (all to JW). 

摘要:

细胞衰老和响应衰老的慢性炎症作为大脑老化的信号,对衰老进程有着重要的影响,也是诱发神经退行性变的主要危险因素。回顾响应衰老和神经炎症的小胶质细胞对神经退行性疾病的影响有助于帮助理解小胶质细胞在神经退行性疾病的重要性。此次综述阐述了小胶质细胞的来源和功能,重点介绍了在机体衰老过程中,响应衰老和过度炎症下的不同状态的小胶质细胞对神经退行性疾病,包括在阿尔茨海默病、亨廷顿舞蹈病、帕金森病发生发展的作用,同时描述了调控不同功能状态的小胶质细胞对神经退行性疾病治疗的潜在益处。总之,在衰老和过度炎症导致的神经退行性疾病中,诱导小胶质细胞状态由神经毒性到神经保护性的转变可能对疾病的治疗具有积极的前景,这有望成为延缓及治疗神经退行性疾病发生发展的新靶点。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3560-3392 (Jianshe Wei)

关键词: 小胶质细胞, 衰老, 神经炎症, 神经退行性疾病, 神经毒性, 神经保护, 细胞因子, 阿尔茨海默病, 亨廷顿舞蹈病, 帕金森病

Abstract: Cellular senescence and chronic inflammation in response to aging are considered to be indicators of brain aging; they have a great impact on the aging process and are the main risk factors for neurodegeneration. Reviewing the microglial response to aging and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases will help understand the importance of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases. This review describes the origin and function of microglia and focuses on the role of different states of the microglial response to aging and chronic inflammation on the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s chorea, and Parkinson’s disease. This review also describes the potential benefits of treating neurodegenerative diseases by modulating changes in microglial states. Therefore, inducing a shift from the neurotoxic to neuroprotective microglial state in neurodegenerative diseases induced by aging and chronic inflammation holds promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the future.

Key words: aging, Alzheimer’s disease, cytokines, Huntington’s disease, microglia, neurodegenerative diseases, neuroinflammation, neuroprotection, neurotoxicity, Parkinson’s disease