中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (1): 346-356.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01092

• 原著:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

脑卒中后边界相关巨噬细胞的变化:单细胞测序分析

  

  • 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2025-04-24

Changes in border-associated macrophages after stroke: Single-cell sequencing analysis

Ning Yu, Yang Zhao, Peng Wang, Fuqiang Zhang, Cuili Wen, Shilei Wang*   

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Anesthesia and Brain Function (The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University), The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
  • Online:2026-01-15 Published:2025-04-24
  • Contact: Shilei Wang, MD, wshlei@aliyun.com.
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by Qingdao Key Medical and Health Discipline Project; The Intramural Research Program of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 4910; and Qingdao West Coast New Area Science and Technology Project, No. 2020-55 (all to SW).

摘要:

边界相关巨噬细胞位于大脑和外周之间的界面,包括血管周围空间、脉络丛和脑膜。直到最近,对边界相关巨噬细胞的功能还知之甚少,且在很大程度上被忽视了。然而最近有研究表明,边界相关巨噬细胞参与脑卒中引起的炎症,尽管细节和潜在机制尚不清楚。因此,此次实验首先从基因表达综合(GEO)数据库(GSE174574和GSE 225948)获得单细胞测序数据对小鼠边界相关巨噬细胞进行单细胞分析,筛选差异表达基因,并以富集分析来鉴定边界相关巨噬细胞的转录谱,而后行CellChat分析以确定边界相关巨噬细胞的蜂窝通信网络,然后使用“pysceneous”工具预测转录因子。结果显示,为应对缺氧,边界相关巨噬细胞会经历动态转录变化,并参与炎症相关通路的调节。值得注意的是,缺血性脑卒中后,肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)通路由边界相关巨噬细胞介导。SCENIC分析结果表明,Stat3活性在脑卒中中明显上调,表明抑制Stat3可能是治疗边界相关巨噬细胞诱导的神经炎症的一种有前景的策略。最后构建了动物模型来研究脑卒中后边界相关巨噬细胞耗竭的潜在功能,发现含氯屈膦酸盐的脂质体耗竭边界相关巨噬细胞,可显著缩小脑卒中动物的梗死体积,改善其神经功能。因此,实验结果全面展示了脑卒中后边界相关巨噬细胞的变化,这将为靶向边界相关巨噬细胞诱导的神经炎症的治疗脑卒中提供理论依据。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5762-539X (Shilei Wang)

关键词: 边界相关巨噬细胞, 脂质体, 氯屈膦酸盐, 缺血再灌注, 单细胞测序分析, STAT3, TNF, 神经炎症, 脑卒中, 缺氧

Abstract: Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC’ tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.

Key words: border-associated macrophages, clodronate, hypoxia, ischemia-reperfusion, ischemic stroke, liposomes, neuroinflammation, single-cell sequencing analysis, STAT3, tumor necrosis factor