中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (1): 96-106.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-00943

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

脂联素作为身体锻炼对阿尔茨海默病促认知效应的潜在介导因子

  

  • 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2025-04-19

Adiponectin as a potential mediator of the pro-cognitive effects of physical exercise on Alzheimer’s disease

Hui-Hui Guo1, 2, Hai-Ning Ou1, 3, 4, Jia-Sui Yu5, 6, Julia Macedo Rosa5, 6, Douglas Affonso Formolo5, 6, Tong Cheng5, 6, Suk-Yu Yau5, 6, *, Hector Wing Hong Tsang1, 5, 6, *   

  1. 1 Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China;   2 Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China;  3 Department of Rehabilitation, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China;  4 The Second Institute of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China;  5 Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China;  6 Mental Health Research Center, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
  • Online:2026-01-15 Published:2025-04-19
  • Contact: Hector Wing Hong Tsang, PhD, hector.tsang@polyu.edu.hk; Suk-Yu Yau, PhD, sonata.yau@polyu.edu.hk.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82072529 (to HWHT); Key Laboratory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, No. 2021KSYS009 (to HWHT); and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, No. 2022M720907 (to HHG).

摘要:

阿尔茨海默病是痴呆症的主要病因,给全球社会经济造成了巨大负担。体育锻炼作为改善总体健康状况的一种有效策略,在延缓神经退行性变和增强大脑功能可塑性方面的有效性已得到广泛报道,尤其是在衰老的大脑中。然而,运动对认知衰老的潜在机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。最近研究发现,细胞分泌的一种蛋白质激素--脂肪连接素(Adiponectin)可调节突触的可塑性,并介导体育锻炼的抗抑郁作用。有关脂肪粘连素神经保护作用的研究揭示了阿尔茨海默病的潜在创新疗法。在此,我们回顾了认知障碍的人类和动物模型大脑中脂肪连接素及其受体的功能。我们总结了脂肪连接蛋白在阿尔茨海默病中的作用,重点讨论了它对能量代谢、胰岛素抵抗和炎症的影响。我们还讨论了运动如何促进脂肪连通素的分泌及其对学习和记忆的潜在益处。最后,我们着重介绍了有关模仿运动增强脂肪生成素及其受体分泌的化学化合物在阿尔茨海默病中的最新研究。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-8598 (Hector Wing Hong Tsang); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7425-6741 (Suk-Yu Yau)

关键词: 脂肪生成素受体激动剂, 脂肪生成素, 阿尔茨海默病, 淀粉样蛋白-β, 海马, 学习和记忆, 体育锻炼, Tau

Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease is the primary cause of dementia and imposes a significant socioeconomic burden globally. Physical exercise, as an effective strategy for improving general health, has been largely reported for its effectiveness in slowing neurodegeneration and increasing brain functional plasticity, particularly in aging brains. However, the underlying mechanisms of exercise in cognitive aging remain largely unclear. Adiponectin, a cell-secreted protein hormone, has recently been found to regulate synaptic plasticity and mediate the antidepressant effects of physical exercise. Studies on the neuroprotective effects of adiponectin have revealed potential innovative treatments for Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we reviewed the functions of adiponectin and its receptor in the brains of human and animal models of cognitive impairment. We summarized the role of adiponectin in Alzheimer’s disease, focusing on its impact on energy metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammation. We also discuss how exercise increases adiponectin secretion and its potential benefits for learning and memory. Finally, we highlight the latest research on chemical compounds that mimic exerciseenhanced secretion of adiponectin and its receptor in Alzheimer’s disease.

Key words: adiponectin receptor agonists, adiponectin, Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid-β, hippocampus, learning and memory, physical exercise, Tau