中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (5): 1105-1111.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.385309

• 原著:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

人牙髓干细胞条件培养基治疗脊髓损伤:抑制小胶质细胞焦亡

  

  • 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2023-10-31
  • 基金资助:
    北京市通州区科委项目(2019-KJ2019CX001)

Conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells treats spinal cord injury by inhibiting microglial pyroptosis

Tao Liu1, #, Ziqian Ma1, #, Liang Liu1, Yilun Pei1, Qichao Wu2, Songjie Xu1, Yadong Liu1, Nan Ding3, Yun Guan4, 5, Yan Zhang1, *, Xueming Chen1, *#br#   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; 2Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; 3Department of Stomatology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; 4Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; 5Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
  • Online:2024-05-15 Published:2023-10-31
  • Contact: Yan Zhang, MD, PhD, zhangyanorth@mail.ccmu.edu.cn; Xueming Chen, MD, chenxueming@ccmu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Research Foundation of Technology Committee of Tongzhou District, No. KJ2019CX001 (to SX).

摘要:

人牙髓干细胞移植已被证实是一种治疗脊髓损伤的有效策略。由于旁分泌机制可能是干细胞移植治疗的基础,且含有牙髓干细胞分泌组的条件培养基能促进脊髓损伤的恢复,但其作用机制尚不清楚。实验首先以重物打击法构建了脊髓损伤大鼠模型,经腹腔注射牙髓干细胞条件培养基,结果发现牙髓干细胞条件培养基可有效促进脊髓损伤大鼠感觉和运动功能的恢复,且降低损伤脊髓中小胶质细胞中焦亡标记物NLRP3、GSDMD、Caspase-1和白细胞介素1β的表达,促进轴突和髓鞘再生,并抑制神经胶质瘢痕的形成。此外,在脂多糖诱导的BV2细胞模型中,牙髓干细胞条件培养基可通过抑制NLRP3/Caspase-1/白细胞介素1β通路保护细胞免受焦亡。上述结果表明,牙髓干细胞条件培养基可通过抑制NLRP3/Caspase-1/白细胞介素1β通路来减轻小胶质细胞焦亡,从而促进脊髓损伤后神经功能的恢复。因此牙髓干细胞条件培养基可能成为脊髓损伤的一种替代疗法。

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5688-5946 (Tao Liu); https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8798-509X (Xueming Chen)

关键词: 脊髓损伤, 条件培养基, BV2细胞, 牙髓干细胞, 细胞焦亡, 小胶质细胞, 神经炎症, NLRP3, GSDMD

Abstract: Human dental pulp stem cell transplantation has been shown to be an effective therapeutic strategy for spinal cord injury. However, whether the human dental pulp stem cell secretome can contribute to functional recovery after spinal cord injury remains unclear. In the present study, we established a rat model of spinal cord injury based on impact injury from a dropped weight and then intraperitoneally injected the rats with conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells. We found that the conditioned medium effectively promoted the recovery of sensory and motor functions in rats with spinal cord injury, decreased expression of the microglial pyroptosis markers NLRP3, GSDMD, caspase-1, and interleukin-1β, promoted axonal and myelin regeneration, and inhibited the formation of glial scars. In addition, in a lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 microglia model, conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells protected cells from pyroptosis by inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase-1/interleukin-1β pathway. These results indicate that conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells can reduce microglial pyroptosis by inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase-1/interleukin-1β pathway, thereby promoting the recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury. Therefore, conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells may become an alternative therapy for spinal cord injury.

Key words: BV2, conditioned medium, dental pulp stem cells, GSDMD, microglia, neuroinflammation, NLRP3, pyroptosis, spinal cord injury