中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (11): 3095-3112.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-00607

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

探索肠道微生物群和环腺苷酸-蛋白激酶A信号通路互作:一种潜在的神经退行性疾病治疗方法

  

  • 出版日期:2025-11-15 发布日期:2025-02-22

Exploring the interaction between the gut microbiota and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A signaling pathway: a potential therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases

Fengcheng Deng1 , Dan Yang1 , Lingxi Qing1 , Yifei Chen1 , Jilian Zou1 , Meiling Jia1 , Qian Wang1 , Runda Jiang1 , Lihua Huang1, 2, *   

  1. 1 College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China;  2 State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
  • Online:2025-11-15 Published:2025-02-22
  • Contact: Lihua Huang, PhD, huanglihua@cdutcm.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82003965; the Science and Technology Research Project of Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 2024MS167 (to LH); the Xinglin Scholar Program of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. QJRC2022033 (to LH); the Improvement Plan for the ‘Xinglin Scholar’ Scientific Research Talent Program at Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. XKTD2023002 (to LH); and the 2023 National Project of the College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program at Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 202310633028 (to FD).

摘要:

肠道微生物群与宿主中枢神经系统中环腺苷酸-蛋白激酶A信号通路之间的相互作用在神经系统疾病中起着重要的作用,其增强沿肠脑轴的交流。肠道微生物群可通过其代谢产物影响环腺苷酸-蛋白激酶A信号通路,继而激活迷走神经并调节免疫和神经内分泌系统。而环腺苷酸-蛋白激酶A信号通路的变化也会影响肠道微生物群的组成,从而形成微生物与宿主相互作用的动态网络。这种相互调节可延伸到神经发育、神经递质控制和行为特征,进而参与调节神经系统疾病。肠道微生物群和环腺苷酸-蛋白激酶A信号通路的协调作用可调节淀粉样蛋白β聚集、线粒体功能障碍、能量代谢异常、小胶质细胞活化、氧化应激和神经递质释放等过程,进而影响神经系统疾病的发生和发展。此次综述深入探索了肠道微生物群和环腺苷酸-蛋白激酶A信号通路之间复杂的相互作用,以及其对神经系统疾病潜在的影响。此外,最近有药理学研究发现,恢复肠道菌群和环腺苷酸-蛋白激酶A信号通路之间的平衡可能会改善神经退行性疾病和情绪障碍。这可通过饮食调整、益生菌补充剂、中草药提取物、中草药组合和创新药物等方法实现。提示可通过调节肠道菌群和环腺苷酸-蛋白激酶A信号通路为开发神经退行性疾病新的治疗方法提供帮助。

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3872-6438 (Lihua Huang)

关键词: 神经系统疾病, 神经退行性疾病, 情绪障碍, 互惠调节, 肠道微生物群, 环腺苷酸, 蛋白激酶A, 信号通路, 治疗, 策略

Abstract: The interaction between the gut microbiota and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)- protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway in the host’s central nervous system plays a crucial role in neurological diseases and enhances communication along the gut–brain axis. The gut microbiota influences the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway through its metabolites, which activates the vagus nerve and modulates the immune and neuroendocrine systems. Conversely, alterations in the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway can affect the composition of the gut microbiota, creating a dynamic network of microbial-host interactions. This reciprocal regulation affects neurodevelopment, neurotransmitter control, and behavioral traits, thus playing a role in the modulation of neurological diseases. The coordinated activity of the gut microbiota and the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway regulates processes such as amyloid-β protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal energy metabolism, microglial activation, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitter release, which collectively influence the onset and progression of neurological diseases. This study explores the complex interplay between the gut microbiota and cAMP-PKA signaling pathway, along with its implications for potential therapeutic interventions in neurological diseases. Recent pharmacological research has shown that restoring the balance between gut flora and cAMP-PKA signaling pathway may improve outcomes in neurodegenerative diseases and emotional disorders. This can be achieved through various methods such as dietary modifications, probiotic supplements, Chinese herbal extracts, combinations of Chinese herbs, and innovative dosage forms. These findings suggest that regulating the gut microbiota and cAMP-PKA signaling pathway may provide valuable evidence for developing novel therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative diseases.

Key words: cyclic adenosine monophosphate, emotional disorders, gut microbiota, neurodegenerative diseases, neurological diseases, protein kinase A, reciprocal regulation, signaling pathway, strategy, therapies