中国神经再生研究(英文版)

中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (1): 228-232.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.315228

• 原著:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    

兔肌肉收缩单位解剖、电生理及组织学观察：神经损伤和再生的新观点

  

  • 出版日期:2022-01-05 发布日期:2021-09-22

The anatomical, electrophysiological and histological observations of muscle contraction units in rabbits: a new perspective on nerve injury and regeneration

Ting-Min Xu1, 2, #, Bo Chen2, 3, 4, #, Zong-Xue Jin5, Xiao-Feng Yin1, 2, Pei-Xun Zhang1, 2, Bao-Guo Jiang1, 2, 3, 4, *   

  1. 1Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China; 2Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; 3Trauma Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China; 4National Trauma Medical Center, Beijing, China; 5Department of Rehabilitation, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
  • Online:2022-01-05 Published:2021-09-22
  • Contact: Bao-Guo Jiang, MD, jiangbaoguo@vip.sina.com.
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by Peking University Clinical Scientist Program of China, No. BMU2019LCKXJ005, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Ministry of Education of China, No. BMU2019XY007-01 (both to BGJ).

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摘要：

根据传统观点，在肌肉划分为细微的肌纤维前，可能存在某种中间结构；同时作者已在小鼠实验中证实了这种中间结构，即运动终板、神经支配神经和相应肌纤维构成的肌肉收缩单元，其可作为独立的结构和功能单元。此次实验拟进一步验证兔肌肉收缩单元的存在。结果显示，（1）股神经的肌肉分支向股四头肌发出4-6条神经分支，而胫神经则向腓肠肌发出4-7条神经分支；（2）当从外侧到内侧电刺激股神经的每个神经分支时，可分别诱发股四头肌的外侧肌肉、中间肌肉和内侧肌肉的收缩；（3）当从外侧到内侧刺激胫神经的每个神经分支时，可分别诱发腓肠肌外侧肌肉1-3和内侧肌肉的收缩；（4）电刺激每个神经分支时，不同的肌肉亚组中可见不同的肌电波；（5）苏木精-伊红染色显示，肌肉神经接头周围大部分神经分支均由单个神经束组成，而进入肌肉后，少数神经分支由2个以上的神经束组成；（6）提示兔下肢肌肉可进一步分为不同肌肉亚组，均由不同的神经分支支配，可形成比传统观点更为复杂的肌肉活动；同时其神经分支和神经支配的肌肉亚组可作为独立的肌肉收缩单元。实验于2019年10月20日经北京大学人民医院动物伦理委员会批准（批准号2019PHE027）。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8436-5266 (Bao-Guo Jiang)

关键词: 肌肉收缩单元, 运动终版, 解剖学, 电生理, 苏木精伊红染色, 周围神经, 骨骼肌, 兔

Abstract: In the conventional view a muscle is composed of intermediate structures before its further division into microscopic muscle fibers. Our experiments in mice have confirmed this intermediate structure is composed of the lamella cluster formed by motor endplates, the innervating nerve branches and the corresponding muscle fibers, which can be viewed as an independent structural and functional unit. In this study, we verified the presence of these muscle construction units in rabbits. The results showed that the muscular branch of the femoral nerve sent out 4–6 nerve branches into the quadriceps and the tibial nerve sent out 4–7 nerve branches into the gastrocnemius. When each nerve branch of the femoral nerve was stimulated from the most lateral to the medial, the contraction of the lateral muscle, intermediate muscle and medial muscle of the quadriceps could be induced by electrically stimulating at least one nerve branch. When stimulating each nerve branch of the tibial nerve from the lateral to the medial, the muscle contraction of the lateral muscle 1, lateral muscle 2, lateral muscle 3 and medial muscle of the gastrocnemius could be induced by electrically stimulating at least one nerve branch. Electrical stimulation of each nerve branch resulted in different electromyographical waves recorded in different muscle subgroups. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed most of the nerve branches around the neuromuscular junctions consisted of one individual neural tract, a few consisted of two or more neural tracts. The muscles of the lower limb in the rabbit can be subdivided into different muscle subgroups, each innervated by different nerve branches, thereby allowing much more complex muscle activities than traditionally stated. Together, the nerve branches and the innervated muscle subgroups can be viewed as an independent structural and functional unit. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Peking University People’s Hospital (approval No. 2019PHE027) on October 20, 2019.

Key words: anatomy, electrophysiology, femoral nerve, hematoxylin-eosin staining, gastrocnemius, motor endplate, muscle contraction unit, peripheral nerve, quadriceps, rabbit, skeletal muscle, tibial nerve