中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (8): 1751-1758.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.385842

• 综述:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

干细胞联合三维生物打印支架修复脊髓损伤受损的神经回路

  

  • 出版日期:2024-08-15 发布日期:2024-01-03
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82171380);江苏省学生创新创业平台培训项目(202110304098Y)

The combined application of stem cells and three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds for the repair of spinal cord injury

Dingyue Ju1, Chuanming Dong1, 2, *   

  1. 1Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Online:2024-08-15 Published:2024-01-03
  • Contact: Chuanming Dong, MD, yiyimarket@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82171380 (to CD); and Jiangsu Students’ Platform for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program, No. 202110304098Y (to DJ).

摘要:

脊髓损伤被认为是最难修复的损伤之一,也是神经系统预后最差的损伤之一。脊髓损伤后,神经细胞的再生能力较差,其组织内会产生瘢痕,这使得受损的神经组织难以恢复其功能。传统治疗只能缓解继发性损伤,并不能从根本上修复脊髓,因此迫切需要新的治疗方法来促进脊髓损伤后功能的修复。目前,干细胞治疗脊髓损伤的方法正在逐渐成熟,且随着组织工程技术的发展,能精确地打印复杂结构的三维生物打印已引起广泛关注。因此,联合上述2种技术建立具有精确细胞定位的负载干细胞的三维打印生物支架,将能够修复受损的神经回路,进而对脊髓损伤有修复的潜力。此次综述讨论了单纯干细胞疗法的作用机制、不同类型的干细胞在脊髓损伤治疗中的应用以及三维生物打印支架的不同制作方法,重点关注干细胞联合三维生物打印支架治疗脊髓损伤的发展情况。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5835-5950 (Chuanming Dong)

关键词: 脊髓损伤, 干细胞, 三维生物打印, 诱导多能干细胞, 胚胎干细胞, 间充质干细胞, 炎症, 生物材料, 干细胞疗法, 神经再生

Abstract: Spinal cord injury is considered one of the most difficult injuries to repair and has one of the worst prognoses for injuries to the nervous system. Following surgery, the poor regenerative capacity of nerve cells and the generation of new scars can make it very difficult for the impaired nervous system to restore its neural functionality. Traditional treatments can only alleviate secondary injuries but cannot fundamentally repair the spinal cord. Consequently, there is a critical need to develop new treatments to promote functional repair after spinal cord injury. Over recent years, there have been several developments in the use of stem cell therapy for the treatment of spinal cord injury. Alongside significant developments in the field of tissue engineering, three-dimensional bioprinting technology has become a hot research topic due to its ability to accurately print complex structures. This led to the loading of three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds which provided precise cell localization. These three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds could repair damaged neural circuits and had the potential to repair the damaged spinal cord. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms underlying simple stem cell therapy, the application of different types of stem cells for the treatment of spinal cord injury, and the different manufacturing methods for three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds. In particular, we focus on the development of three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds for the treatment of spinal cord injury. 

Key words: biomaterials, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, nerve regeneration, spinal cord injury, stem cell therapy, stem cells, three-dimensional bioprinting