中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (1): 377-391.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01511

• 原著:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

壳聚糖缓解帕金森病症状的机制:减少乙酸盐抑制炎症修复肠道和血脑屏障

  

  • 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2025-04-24

Chitosan alleviates symptoms of Parkinson’s disease by reducing acetate levels, which decreases inflammation and promotes repair of the intestinal barrier and blood– brain barrier

Yinying Wang1, 2, #, Rongsha Chen1, #, Guolin Shi3 , Xinwei Huang1 , Ke Li1 , Ruohua Wang1 , Xia Cao1 , Zhongshan Yang2, *, Ninghui Zhao3, *, Jinyuan Yan1, *   

  1. 1 Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China;  2 Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sino Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China;  3 Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
  • Online:2026-01-15 Published:2025-04-24
  • Contact: Zhongshan Yang, PhD, yangzhongshan@ynucm.edu.cn; Ninghui Zhao, MD, zhaoninghui@kmmu.edu.cn; Jinyuan Yan, PhD, yanjinyuan@kmmu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 32260196 (to JY), 81860646 (to ZY) and 31860274 (to JY); a grant from Yunnan Department of Science and Technology, Nos. 202101AT070251 (to JY), 202201AS070084 (to ZY), 202301AY070001-239 (to JY), 202101AZ070001-012, and 2019FI016 (to ZY).

摘要:

有研究提示,壳聚糖在神经退行性疾病中具有保护作用,其具体机制尚在研究中。实验以壳聚糖灌胃治疗MPTP诱导的帕金森病小鼠模型,可见壳聚糖可有效改善帕金森病小鼠多巴胺能神经元的损伤、神经递质多巴胺的释放以及运动功能障碍。本组研究发现,壳聚糖的神经保护作用与肠道微生物代谢产物短链脂肪酸有关,壳聚糖可以改变肠道微生物丰度并降低短链脂肪酸含量。进一步研究显示,壳聚糖可有效改善肠屏障和血脑屏障损伤。最后发现壳聚糖可通过乙酸盐改善肠道屏障功能以及缓解周围及中枢神经系统的炎症反应。上述结果提示,壳聚糖通过减少乙酸盐抑制炎症修复肠道屏障和血脑屏障的分子机制,发挥治疗帕金森病的作用。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5270-0119 (Zhongshan Yang); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1797-2071 (Ninghui Zhao); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3398-3459 (Jinyuan Yan)

关键词: 帕金森病, 壳聚糖, 短链脂肪酸, 醋酸盐, 多巴胺神经元, 炎症, 肠道屏障, 血脑屏障, PPARD, AMPK

Abstract: Studies have shown that chitosan protects against neurodegenerative diseases. However, the precise mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we administered chitosan intragastrically to an MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease and found that it effectively reduced dopamine neuron injury, neurotransmitter dopamine release, and motor symptoms. These neuroprotective effects of chitosan were related to bacterial metabolites, specifically shortchain fatty acids, and chitosan administration altered intestinal microbial diversity and decreased short-chain fatty acid production in the gut. Furthermore, chitosan effectively reduced damage to the intestinal barrier and the blood–brain barrier. Finally, we demonstrated that chitosan improved intestinal barrier function and alleviated inflammation in both the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system by reducing acetate levels. Based on these findings, we suggest a molecular mechanism by which chitosan decreases inflammation through reducing acetate levels and repairing the intestinal and blood–brain barriers, thereby alleviating symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.

Key words: acetate, adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase, blood–brain barrier, chitosan, dopamine neurons, inflammation, intestinal barrier, Parkinson’s disease, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta, short-chain fatty acids