中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 533-547.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01525

• 原著:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

脑血管内皮细胞γ-谷氨酰转移酶5过表达可改善APP/PS1小鼠大脑病理特征和认知行为能力

  

  • 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2024-06-18
  • 基金资助:
    科技创新2030—重大项目(2021ZD 0201801);山西省基础研究计划项目(20210302123429)

Gamma-glutamyl transferase 5 overexpression in cerebrovascular endothelial cells improves brain pathology, cognition, and behavior in APP/PS1 mice

Yanli Zhang1, 2, #, Tian Li3, #, Jie Miao1, Zhina Zhang1, Mingxuan Yang1, Zhuoran Wang1, Bo Yang4, Jiawei Zhang1, Haiting Li1, Qiang Su3, 5, *, Junhong Guo1, *   

  1. 1Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; 2Department of Neurology, Sixth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University (General Hospital of Tisco), Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; 3Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; 4Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; 5Department of Laboratory Medicine of Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, Shanxi Province, China
  • Online:2025-02-15 Published:2024-06-18
  • Contact: Junhong Guo, MD, neuroguo@163.com; Qiang Su, PhD, 948904140@qq.com.
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by STI2030-Major Projects, No. 2021ZD 0201801 (to JG) and Shanxi Province Basic Research Program, No. 20210302123429 (to QS).

摘要:

在阿尔茨海默病患者的脑血管内皮细胞中可见γ-谷氨酰转移酶5表达下调,而脑血管内皮γ-谷氨酰转移酶5在阿尔茨海默病发病机制中的作用尚不清楚。此次实验拟探索脑血管内皮γ-谷氨酰转移酶5对阿尔茨海默病APP/PS1小鼠认知功能和脑病理特征的影响及其潜在机制。结果表明,γ-谷氨酰转移酶5在Aβ1-42诱导的hCMEC/D3和bEnd.3细胞阿尔茨海默病体外模型以及APP/PS1小鼠模型脑中表达下调。而将AAV-GGT5尾静脉注射到APP/PS1小鼠中,可见脑血管内皮细胞中γ-谷氨酰转移酶5过表达可改善海马突触可塑性,并减轻认知障碍。特别是,脑血管内皮细胞中过表达γ-谷氨酰转移酶5可能通过抑制核因子κB介导的BACE1表达,减少APP/PS1小鼠脑中可溶性和不溶性淀粉样蛋白β。上述结果表明,脑血管内皮细胞中γ-谷氨酰转移酶5的表达水平与阿尔茨海默病病理变化呈负相关,γ-谷氨酰转移酶5的上调可减轻APP/PS1小鼠的认知障碍,提示脑血管内皮细胞中的γ-谷氨酰转移酶5可能是阿尔茨海默病的潜在治疗靶点和生物标志物。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1297-4414 (Junhong Guo); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5337-153X (Qiang Su)

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病, 脑血管内皮细胞, 神经血管单位, γ-谷氨酰转移酶5, 核因子κB, BACE1, 淀粉样蛋白β, 认知障碍, 突触可塑性, APP/PS1小鼠

Abstract: In patients with Alzheimer’s disease, gamma-glutamyl transferase 5 (GGT5) expression has been observed to be downregulated in cerebrovascular endothelial cells. However, the functional role of GGT5 in the development of Alzheimer’s disease remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of GGT5 on cognitive function and brain pathology in an APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, as well as the underlying mechanism. We observed a significant reduction in GGT5 expression in two in vitro models of Alzheimer’s disease (Aβ1–42–treated hCMEC/D3 and bEnd.3 cells), as well as in the APP/PS1 mouse model. Additionally, injection of APP/PS1 mice with an adeno-associated virus encoding GGT5 enhanced hippocampal synaptic plasticity and mitigated cognitive deficits. Interestingly, increasing GGT5 expression in cerebrovascular endothelial cells reduced levels of both soluble and insoluble amyloid-β in the brains of APP/PS1 mice. This effect may be attributable to inhibition of the expression of β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1, which is mediated by nuclear factor-kappa B. Our findings demonstrate that GGT5 expression in cerebrovascular endothelial cells is inversely associated with Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis, and that GGT5 upregulation mitigates cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice. These findings suggest that GGT5 expression in cerebrovascular endothelial cells is a potential therapeutic target and biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease.

Key words: Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid-β, APP/PS1 mice, cerebrovascular endothelial cells, cognitive deficits, gamma-glutamyl transferase 5, neurovascular unit, nuclear factor‐-kappa B, synaptic plasticity, β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1