中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (11): 2444-2455.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.390965

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

细胞重编程治疗帕金森病

  

  • 出版日期:2024-11-15 发布日期:2024-03-29
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31960120),云南省科技人才与平台计划资助项目(202105AC160041)

Cell reprogramming therapy for Parkinson’s disease

Wenjing Dong1, 2, #, Shuyi Liu1, 2, #, Shangang Li1, 2, *, Zhengbo Wang1, 2, *   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China; 2Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
  • Online:2024-11-15 Published:2024-03-29
  • Contact: Zhengbo Wang, PhD, wangzb@lpbr.cn; Shangang Li, MD, lis101@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31960120; and Yunnan Science and Technology Talent and Platform Plan, No. 202105AC160041 (both to ZW).

摘要:

由于帕金森病的典型病理改变是黑质致密部中多巴胺能神经元的退行性变,许多研究都是基于补充丢失的多巴胺能神经元来治疗帕金森病。针对细胞替代治疗的策略最初采用人胎儿腹侧中脑和人胚胎干细胞治疗帕金森病,在临床实践中可以显著缓解帕金森病的症状。然而,伦理问题和肿瘤形成仍然是其临床应用的局限性。诱导多能干细胞可在不牺牲人类胚胎的情况下建立,这消除了人类干细胞治疗的巨大伦理障碍。另一种被广泛考虑的神经元再生策略是将成纤维细胞和星形胶质细胞直接重编程为神经元,该策略不需要经过中间的增殖状态,从而避免了免疫排斥和肿瘤形成的问题。不论是诱导多能干细胞还是直接重编程都在帕金森病治疗研究中取得了令人振奋的结果,同时也存在一些争议。此次综述总结了细胞重编程在帕金森病治疗中的应用现状,主要包括诱导多能干细胞在细胞替代疗法中的应用,包括临床前动物模型以及临床研究中的进展。文章还回顾了直接谱系重编程在帕金森病治疗研究中的进展,并且对体内重编程中存在的争议进行了讨论。总之,这些研究表明,细胞重编程可能成为治疗帕金森病的潜在策略。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4717-5137 (Zhengbo Wang); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6326-1828 (Shangang Li)

关键词: 帕金森病, 多巴胺能神经元, 细胞重编程, 诱导多能干细胞, 直接重编程, 自体, 星形胶质细胞, 非人灵长类动物, 动物模型, 细胞疗法

Abstract: Parkinson’s disease is typically characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Many studies have been performed based on the supplementation of lost dopaminergic neurons to treat Parkinson’s disease. The initial strategy for cell replacement therapy used human fetal ventral midbrain and human embryonic stem cells to treat Parkinson’s disease, which could substantially alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease in clinical practice. However, ethical issues and tumor formation were limitations of its clinical application. Induced pluripotent stem cells can be acquired without sacrificing human embryos, which eliminates the huge ethical barriers of human stem cell therapy. Another widely considered neuronal regeneration strategy is to directly reprogram fibroblasts and astrocytes into neurons, without the need for intermediate proliferation states, thus avoiding issues of immune rejection and tumor formation. Both induced pluripotent stem cells and direct reprogramming of lineage cells have shown promising results in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. However, there are also ethical concerns and the risk of tumor formation that need to be addressed. This review highlights the current application status of cell reprogramming in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, focusing on the use of induced pluripotent stem cells in cell replacement therapy, including preclinical animal models and progress in clinical research. The review also discusses the advancements in direct reprogramming of lineage cells in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, as well as the controversy surrounding in vivo reprogramming. These findings suggest that cell reprogramming may hold great promise as a potential strategy for treating Parkinson’s disease.

Key words: animal models, astrocytes, autologous, cell reprogramming, cell therapy, direct lineage reprogramming, dopaminergic neurons, induced pluripotent stem cells, non-human primates, Parkinson’s disease